Mota dziri kuwedzera kuve nemagetsi emazuva ano magetsi - LED mota marambi.Zvese pamusoro pemarambi aya, magadzirirwo awo, marudzi aripo, kunyora uye kushanda, pamwe nekusarudzwa kwakaringana nekutsiviwa kwemarambi e LED, zvinotsanangurwa mune ino chinyorwa.
Chinangwa chemarambi emotokari ye LED
Motokari mwenje we LED (mwenje we LED, mwenje we LED) igetsi mwenje sosi yakavakirwa pamwenje-emitting diodes (LED) inoshandiswa mumarambi uye mwenje zvigadziriso zvemotokari.
Mumotokari dzemazuvano, matarakita nemichina yakasiyana-siyana mune gumi nembiri masosi emwenje - mwenje, zviratidzi, mabhureki, marambi ekupaka, mwenje wemasikati, mwenje weplateti yerezinesi, mwenje wemhute, mwenje wemukati (kusanganisira mwenje wegirovhosi), marambi etrunk, dashboard. zviedza, etc. Kwemakumi emakore akawanda, marambi e-incandescent emhando dzakasiyana-siyana akashandiswa, asi mumakore achangopfuura ave achiwedzera kuchinjwa ne semiconductor chiedza zvinyorwa - mwenje we LED.
Iko kushandiswa kwemarambi e LED mumotokari kune matatu akakosha mabhenefiti:
● Kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba - ma LED ane simba rinopenya rinofananidzwa nemarambi e-incandescent anodya zvakanyanya zvishoma ikozvino;
● Kuwedzera mukati menguva yebasa rekugadzirisa marambi - ma LED ane nguva yakawanda yenguva yakareba kupfuura mwenje we incandescent, saka inoda kuchinjwa kazhinji (uye, maererano naizvozvo, kuderedza mari yekutenga marambi matsva);
● Kuvandudza kuvimbika kwezvigadziriso zvemwenje - LED bulbs zvivako zvakasimba zvisina filaments, saka zvinorwisana nekudengenyeka uye kushamiswa.
Parizvino, mwenje ye LED inogadzirwa iyo inogona kutsiva zvachose mwenje incandescent mumotokari.Zvisinei, nokuda kwechisarudzo chakanaka chezviedza izvi, unofanirwa kunzwisisa maitiro avo ekugadzira, maitiro uye plinth.
Dhizaini uye Hunhu hwe LED Mota Mwenje
Zvimiro, marambi emotokari ye LED ane zvikamu zvitatu: imba umo imwe kana akawanda ma LED akaiswa, uye chigadziko chekuisa mwenje mune socket.Mwenje unobva pachiedza chebhuruu LEDs - magetsi emagetsi anobva pane crystal ye semiconductor zvinhu (kazhinji gallium nitride yakagadziridzwa ne indium), umo pn junction inoumbwa, uye phosphor inoshandiswa kune inobudisa nzvimbo.Kana yazvino ichipfuura ne LED, shanduko yayo inoburitsa ruvara rwebhuruu, iyo inoshandurwa nechikamu chephosphor kuita chena.Mune marambi asina simba, 1-3 ma LED anoshandiswa, mumarambi akajeka - kusvika ku25 LEDs kana kupfuura.
Ma LED akaiswa pane insulating plate kana imba yakagadzirwa ne insulating material, muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki vanogona kuva nekudzivirirwa nenzira yegirazi girobhu (sezvakajairwa incandescent marambi).Musangano we LED wakadaro wakabatana nesimbi kana plastiki base, kuburikidza iyo ikozvino inopihwa kune ma LEDs kubva pamotokari pa-board magetsi system.
Magetsi emotokari ye LED
Pane mamwe marudzi emarambi, simba rinopisa rinopisa rinogona kupera, izvo zvinotungamirira mukupisa kwavo nekukundikana.Kuti ubvise kupisa kubva kumarambi akadaro, zvimwe zvikamu zvinounzwa mukugadzira - passive uye inoshanda kutonhora masisitimu.Passive kutonhora inopihwa nealuminium heatsinks iri kune yakatarisana neiyo LED gungano.Iyo heatsink inowanzo ine zvimbi, izvo zvinowedzera nzvimbo yechikamu uye inovandudza kupisa kupisa ne convection.Radiators akashongedzerwa neashoma-simba mwenje mwenje - wesalon shades, masikati anomhanya mwenje, fog mwenje, nezvimwe.
Active kutonhora masisitimu akavakwa pahwaro hweradiator uye feni, iyo inopa kuvhuvhuta kwakanyanya kweiyo radiator kuti ibvise kupisa kwakanyanya kubva mairi.Iyo fan inogona kushanda nguva dzose kana mwenje wakabatidzwa, kana kudzorwa neotomatiki inotarisisa tembiricha yemudziyo.Active kutonhodza masisitimu akashongedzerwa nemarambi ane simba ekuvhenekesa emberi.
Mwenje yeMotokari ye LED inowanikwa kune yakajairwa magetsi emagetsi - 6, 12 uye 24 V, ane simba remayuniti ewatts, kazhinji iwo anochinjana zvachose nemwenje incandescent.
Kumaka uye mabhesi emarambi e LED
Inofanira kutaurirwa pakarepo kuti mwenje yemotokari ye LED inogadzirwa nemhando dzakafanana dzemavharosi semagetsi emagetsi echinyakare - izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kuisa marudzi maviri emagetsi emagetsi mumotokari pasina kushandura hurongwa hwemagetsi.Panguva imwecheteyo, mukumaka mwenje we LED, unogona kuwana akati wandei mazita - rudzi rwechigadziko uye rudzi rwemwenje wakafanana weincandescent.Kucherekedza kwakadaro kunogonesa kusarudzwa kwezvigadziriso zvemwenje, kana zvichidikanwa, shandura mwenje weincandescent ne LED imwe kana zvinopesana.
Munyika yedu, kune akati wandei zviyero zvemarambi, pakati pawo chiyero chepakati chezvigadziko GOST IEC 60061-1-2014 (inoshanda kune zviedza zvemarudzi ese, kusanganisira mota, imba, nezvimwewo).Zvinoenderana negwaro iri uye zvakafanana European zviyero (IEC neDIN), marambi emotokari anogona kuve neanotevera marudzi emakepisi:
● BA - pini (bayonet), mapini anowanikwa symmetrically maererano kune mumwe nemumwe;
● BAY - pini (bayonet), imwe pini inotamiswa muhupamhi maererano neimwe;
● BAZ - pini (bayonet), imwe pini inoshandurwa mukukwirira uye radius maererano neimwe;
● E - threaded (inenge isingashandiswi pamotokari dzemazuva ano);
● P - flanged;
● SV - soffit rambi rine nheyo mbiri;
● W - marambi ane chigadziko chegirazi, maererano nemarambi e LED - ane chigadziko chepurasitiki (kazhinji anonzi marambi asina chigadziko).
Mhando dzemabhesi uye kushandiswa kwemotokari dzemwenje dze LED
Nhamba yenhamba yekumaka inoratidza dhayamita kana hupamhi hwebhesi, uye tsamba mushure meiyo nhamba inoratidza mamwe maitiro ekugadzira.Semuenzaniso, yakajairika BA15s base ndeye 15 mm dhayamita yepini base ine mapini maviri akarongwa akaenzana uye imwe inotungamira yekubata, iyo yechipiri kubata inoridzwa negirazi regasi.Uye iyo BA15d ndiyo chigadziko chimwe chete, asi ine maviri anotungamira ekusangana (kutenderera kana oval), basa rekusangana kwechitatu rinotambwawo negirazi rechigadziko.
Mukuenderana nekumaka kwekapisi, kutara kwakafanana nekumaka kweyakajairwa mota incandescent mwenje inoshandiswa zvakare.Semuenzaniso, mwenje T5 neT10 mwenje madiki evhavha anoshandisa W5W mhando kepisi.Nheyo yakadaro inogadzirwa nenzira yeplasitiki yeplasitiki, kumativi ose maviri ayo maitirwo maviri ewaya anoratidzwa.Soffit marambi anowanzo kusarudzwa C5W uye FT10.Uye kucherechedzwa kwemarambi emwenje e LED akanyorwa nemarambi ehalogen - kubva H1 kusvika H11, HB1, HB3, HB4, nezvimwe.
Iwe unofanirwawo kutsanangura kuti mamwe marudzi emakepisi emwenje akaiswa madhijitari.Semuenzaniso, BA15 plinths mune mamwe mazinga akanyorwa "1156/1157", yakafara plinths W21 yakanyorwa "7440/7443", nezvimwe.
Nzira yekusarudza uye kutsiva mwenje wemotokari ye LED
Paunosarudza mwenje we LED (kana marambi akati wandei) emota, unofanirwa kufunga nezverudzi rwechigadziko uye maitiro emagetsi echigadziriso chemwenje.Sezvo mutemo, mirairo yekushanda, kugadzirisa nekugadzirisa motokari inoratidza rudzi rwechiedza chechiedza chinoshandiswa uye mabhesi avo - iyi ndiyo mirayiridzo inofanira kuteverwa pakutenga.Iwe unofanirwawo kufunga nezve voltage yemotokari pa-board network, uye sarudza marambi akakodzera.
Kunyanya kukoshesa kunofanira kubhadharwa pakusarudzwa kwemarambi ane bayonet (pini) mabhesi uye soffit marambi.Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, BA, BAY uye BAZ caps inogona kuva imwe-pini ("s" yekumaka) uye maviri-pini ("d" yekumaka) magadzirirwo, uye haashanduke.Panguva imwecheteyo, marambi ane maviri akapoteredza uye oval contacts anogona kuiswa mune imwechete cartridge pasina zvisungo.Kuti udzivise chikanganiso, zvinodikanwa kuti uteerere kucherechedzwa kwakazara kwechiedza chechiedza.
LED Yambiro Mota Mwenje
Soffit marambi ane mabhesi akafanana ane dhayamita 7 mm (SV7 base, mhando C10W) uye 8.5 mm (SV8.5 base, mhando C5W), uyewo akasiyana pakureba - anogona kuva 31, 36 uye 41 mm.
Pakupedzisira, pakusarudza marambi e LED ezviratidzo zvekutungamira uye magetsi ekupaka, unofanirwa kufunga kuti iwo machena uye amber (orenji).Mukumaka marambi erudzi rwechipiri, vara "Y" ("yellow") rinenge riripo, vane girobhu kana sefa ine ruvara rweamber, iyo inopa moto ruvara rwaunoda uchishandisa diffuser inoonekera.
Kutsiviwa kwemarambi e LED kunoitwa maererano nemirayiridzo yekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa motokari.Paunenge uchiita oparesheni iyi, zvinodikanwa kubvisa-energize mota pa-board network.Kutsiviwa kwemwenje masosi kunowanzo kudzika pakubvisa mwenje wemwenje (kubvisa sirin'i kana diffuser, kana iri mwenje wemusoro, kuabvisa uye / kana kuabvisa zvishoma), kuisa mwenje mune yakafanira socket, uye nekuibatanidza zvakare.
Kana mwenje we LED wakasarudzwa uye wakaiswa zvakanaka, ipapo chiedza chayo chichaita kuti motokari igare yakasununguka uye yakachengeteka kwemakore akawanda.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-12-2023