Pazvino kugadziridzwa kweinjini dzeKAMAZ, oiri yekutonhora system inopihwa, yakavakirwa pane imwe unit - mafuta ekupisa anopisa.Verenga zvose pamusoro pezvikamu izvi, marudzi azvo, magadzirirwo, nheyo yekushanda uye kushandiswa, pamwe chete nechisarudzo chakanaka, kugadzirisa uye kuchinjwa kwevanopisa kupisa munyaya ino.
Chii chinonzi KAMAZ mafuta ekupisa exchanger?
Oiri kupisa exchanger (liquid-oil heat exchanger, LMT) iyuniti yekuzora uye inotonhorera masisitimu emagetsi emagetsi edhiziri makuru;Iyo yakanyatso dhizainiwa yekupisa yakavakirwa mujini yemvura kutonhora sisitimu, iyo inopa kutonhora kweinjini mafuta nekuda kwekutsinhana kwekupisa nekuyerera kunotonhorera.
Iyo lubrication system yeakasimba KAMAZ dhiziri mayunitsi anoshanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, mafuta anogara achivhenekerwa nekupisa kwakanyanya uye zvishoma nezvishoma anorasikirwa nehunhu hwayo.Mune mamwe modhi, oiri yeinjini inogona kupisa, izvo zvinotungamira mukudzikira kweviscosity yayo uye lubricity, pamwe nekuora kwakanyanya uye kupera simba.Pakupedzisira, mafuta anopisa anokanganisa kushanda kweinjini uye anogona kutoita kuti itadze.Dambudziko iri rinogadziriswa nekuunza chinhu chinotonhorera chemafuta - chinopisa kupisa - murubrication system yeKAMAZ injini.
Mafuta ekupisa anopisa chikamu chakakosha cheinjini yekuzora uye kutonhora masisitimu, inoita kuti kubviswa kwekupisa kwakawanda kubva muoiri nekuda kwekushinha kwekupisa nekuyerera kwewachi inotonhorera (inotonhorera).Ndosaka michina yerudzi urwu ichinzi liquid-oil heat exchangers, kana LMT.Ichi chikwata chinoita mabasa akati wandei:
- Kutonhora kwechidimbu kwemafuta pane tembiricha yeinjini isingasviki 100 degrees;
- Kutonhodza kwemafuta ese achipinda mujini pane tembiricha iri pakati pe100-110 madhigirii;
- Kuderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta kumarara uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwayo;
- Kuve nechokwadi chekuti tembiricha yakakwana yeakasiyana einjini masisitimu - nekuda kweLMT, tembiricha yemafuta haidonhedzi pasi peiyo inotonhorera tembiricha, iyo inobatsira mukupisa kwakafanana kwezvikamu zveinjini, kuderedzwa kwemagetsi kushushikana, nezvimwe;
- Kurerutsa dhizaini yeoiri yekutonhodza system uye kuderedza mutengo weinjini uku uchiona yakajairika maitiro ekushanda kwayo.
Nhasi, zvinopisa zvinopisa zvakaiswa mune yakawanda KAMAZ injini dzedhiziri dzinosangana neEuro-2 zviyero uye pamusoro, dzinoita basa rakakosha mukuona maitiro akajairika emagetsi emagetsi mune ese anoshanda modes.A kukanganisa kupisa kupisa kunofanirwa kugadziriswa kana kutsiviwa zvachose nekukurumidza, asi usati watenga chikamu chitsva, unofanirwa kunzwisisa dhizaini nekushanda kwemidziyo iyi.
Dhizaini uye musimboti wekushanda kweKAMAZ mafuta ekupisa exchangers
Painjini dzeKAMAZ, chete shell-and-tube (tubular) mhando shell-and-tube (tubular) rudzi rwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzakagadziriswa dziri kushandiswa.Zvimiro, chikamu ichi chiri nyore, chine zvikamu zvinotevera:
● Muviri (casing);
● Core ine deflector;
● Inlet yakawanda;
● Kubvisa kakawanda.
Hwaro hwemagadzirirwo ndeye aluminium cylindrical body (casing), pamadziro ayo machaneli uye mafirita anogadzirwa ekubatanidza kune oiri filter block (kuiswa kunoitwa kuburikidza negaskets).Migumo yecasing yakavharwa nemavhavha akakosha ane ma nozzles - inlet uye outlet manifolds, yekutanga inopa inotonhorera kubva mujaketi remvura ye cylinder block mukati meimba, uye yechipiri inotsausa mvura kudzosera kune injini yekutonhora system.Kudhirowa nemachani zvinogadzirwa pamuviri kuti zvigadzirwe mavharuvhu ebypass, ayo anove nechokwadi chekuti oiri inodarika nepainochinjisa kupisa kana musimboti wayo wakavharwa.
Nheyo inoiswa mukati mekesi - musangano wemhangura-yakakomberedzwa nemhangura kana machubhu endarira akaiswa mupasuru yemarata akachinjika esimbi.Pamusoro pane mahwendefa mashanu ane chikamu chinoputika, chinoparadzanisa chikamu chose muzvikamu zvina, izvo zvinopa shanduko munzira yekuyerera kwemafuta.Kune rumwe rutivi rwepakati pane flange, iyo, panguva yekuisa, inozorora pamagumo emuviri, kune rumwe rutivi flange ine dhayamita yakadai seyokuti ikwane zvakasimba mubhokisi, uye kune akati wandei O-mhete pa. it.Iyi dhizaini inovimbisa kupatsanurwa kwekuyerera kweinotonhorera nemafuta, ichivadzivirira kubva mukusanganiswa.Uye kune nzira chaiyo yekuyerera kwemafuta, deflector iri kune rumwe rutivi rwepakati - yakavhurika simbi mhete ine slot.
Dhizaini yeKAMAZ mafuta ekupisa exchanger
Mune LMT yakaungana, mutsinhanisi wekupisa ane maviri ari oga anoyerera anoumbwa: inotonhorera inoyerera kuburikidza nepakati machubhu, uye mafuta anoyerera nepanzvimbo iri pakati pemachubhu nemadziro evhavha.Nekuda kwekuparadzaniswa kwepakati muzvikamu zvina, nzira yekuyerera kwemafuta inowedzerwa, iyo inowana kunyatsoita kupisa kupisa kweinotonhorera.
LMT yakaiswa pajekiseni yeinjini ine oiri sefa block (iyo thermopower vharafu inodzora kuyerera kwemafuta kuburikidza neinopisa inodziya inowanikwawo pano), kugovera kwayo uye manifolds ekubuda kwakabatana nemapombi anoenderana pane cylinder block.Mumagadzirirwo mazhinji, manifold ekupa anobatanidzwa kune bhuroka nenzira pfupi pombi, uye manifold ekuburitsa anobatanidzwa nenzira yekuzadza nzvimbo.
LMT inoshanda seinotevera.Kana tembiricha yejinjini iri pazasi 95 madhigirii, iyo yekupisa simba vharafu yakavharwa, saka iyo yose mafuta inoyerera kubva papombi yemafuta inopfuura nepamasefa uye pakarepo inopinda mujini yekuzora system.Kana tembiricha yakwira pamusoro pe95 madhigirii, vharuvhu inovhurika, uye chikamu chemafuta kubva kune masefa chinotumirwa kuLMT - pano inopfuura mukati mekasi yakatenderedza mukati, inopa kupisa kwakanyanya kune inotonhorera inopfuura nepapombi, uye chete. ipapo inopinda mujini yekuzora hurongwa.Kana tembiricha ichikwira pamusoro pe100 madhigirii, iyo inopisa valve inotungamira kuyerera kwese kwemafuta kubva kune mafirita kuenda kuLMT.Kana nokuda kwechikonzero chipi nechipi injini tembiricha yakapfuura 115 madhigirii, kutonhora kwemafuta muLMT kunova kusashanda uye kupisa kunogona kuitika - chiratidzo chinoenderana pane dashboard chinonyevera nezvekutanga kwenjodzi.
Kushandiswa kwemafuta ekupisa mafuta pamotokari dzeKAMAZ
LMTs inoiswa chete paKAMAZ 740 dizeli injini dzekuchinja kwakasiyana kweEuro-2, 3 uye 4 makirasi ezvakatipoteredza.Mhando mbiri dzekupisa kupisa dzinoshandiswa nhasi:
● Catalog nhamba 740.11-1013200 - kuchinjwa kwenguva pfupi;
● Catalog nhamba 740.20-1013200 ndeyekugadziriswa kwenguva refu.
Musiyano uripo pakati pezvikamu izvi uri mukugadzirwa kwevaunganidzi uye, nekudaro, munzira yekubatanidza kune inotonhorera system.Mune ipfupi LMT, iyo manifold yekuburitsa inongori yekuzadza nzvimbo kumagumo yekubatanidza pombi uchishandisa mabhaudhi kana matudhi.Vanopisa kupisa vane manifold akadaro vari pasi rose, vakakodzera kune akawanda eKAMAZ injini dzemakirasi akasiyana ezvakatipoteredza.Mune LMT refu pane yekubuda manifold pane pombi yekubatanidza hose ine simbi yesimbi.Zvikasadaro, ese ari maviri mativi akafanana uye anogona kusungirirwa kune akajairwa mafirita magungano.
Kuiswa kweKAMAZ mafuta ekupisa exchanger pane oiri filter unit
Zvakare, muzvikamu zvemuchinjiziri wekupisa, semugumisiro wekuora kwemaitiro kana kukuvadzwa, kutsemuka uye mitswe inoitika kuburikidza iyo oiri inopinda muinotonhorera.Dambudziko rimwechete rinoonekwa kana zvinhu zvekuisa chisimbiso zvakapfekwa kana kukuvadzwa.Muchiitiko ichi, LMT inofanira kugadziriswa kana kuchinjwa zvachose.Nhasi, kune akasiyana ekugadzirisa kits pamusika ane gaskets, cores, manifolds uye zvimwe zvikamu.Kana kugadzirisa kusingabviri kana kusashanda, saka zvakakosha kutsiva zvachose chikamu.Basa rose rinoitwa maererano nemirairo yekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa motokari.Usati wagadziriswa, iyo inotonhorera uye chikamu chemafuta inodururwa, mushure mekutsiviwa, mvura yese inounzwa kune yaunoda.Zvadaro, LMT inoda chete kuongororwa nguva dzose uye kuongororwa kwemavharuvhu panguva yega yega yekugadzirisa.
Kana iyo inopisa yekupisa yakasarudzwa uye yakaiswa nenzira kwayo, ipapo injini yemafuta inogara iine tembiricha yakakwana, ichive nechokwadi chekushanda kwakanaka kwesimba remagetsi.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-13-2023