Mumotokari zhinji dzemazuva ano uye midziyo yakakosha, iyo nzvimbo yekirasi hood inomira muchimiro chetsvimbo inogarwa neakakosha anonwisa (kana magasi zvitubu).Verenga zvese nezve hood yekuvhundutsa inonyudza, chinangwa chadzo, mhando dziripo uye magadzirirwo maficha, kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa muchinyorwa.
Chinangwa chehodhi yekuvhunduka inopinza
Mumotokari dzemazuva ano nemimwe michina, kutarisisa kwakanyanya kunobhadharwa kuchengetedzeka kwevanhu panguva yekushanda nekugadzirisa.Zvichienderana zvishandiso zvitsva zvinovimbisa kuchengetedza uye nyore mukugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa kwemidziyo zvinosanganisira akasiyana-siyana anonwisa (gasi anomira) ehood.Ichi chikamu chakareruka chakatanga kuiswa pamotokari, matirakita, midziyo yakakosha uye michina yakasiyana-siyana munguva pfupi yapfuura, asi yakatove yakawana kuzivikanwa uye, zvichida, mune ramangwana ichagadzirisa zvachose zvisizvo uye zvisingavimbiki zvakanyanya kumira.
A hood shock absorber kana, sekudanwa kwainowanzonzi, gasi kumira mudziyo wekuvhura / kuvhara zvakachengeteka hood nekuichengeta yakavhurika.Ichi chikamu chinogadzirisa matambudziko akati wandei:
- Rubatsiro mukuvhura hood - kumira kunosimudza hood, saka muridzi wemotokari kana makanika haafaniri kuita nhamburiko uye kudhonza maoko ake kumusoro;
- Kuvhurika-kusina kuvhura uye kuvhara kwevhavha - iyo yekuvhundutsa inodzivirira inodzivirira kuvhunduka kunoitika munzvimbo dzakanyanyisa dzehood;
- Kuvimbika kubata kwehood munzvimbo yakavhurika.
Uye zvakare, iyo yekukatyamadza inodzivirira inodzivirira iyo hood pachayo uye yakatarisana chisimbiso uye nhengo dzemuviri kubva kune deformation inogona kuitika panguva yekukanganisa.Naizvozvo, kuvapo kwehodhi yekuvhunduka kunowedzera hupenyu hwezvikamu izvi, uye zvakare zvakanyanya kuwedzera kusununguka kwekushanda, kugadzirisa uye kugadziriswa kwemotokari dzakashongedzerwa nayo.
Mhando uye musimboti wekushanda kwehood shock absorbers (gasi zvitubu)
Izvo zvinofanirwa kutaurwa ipapo ipapo kuti ese ma hood shock absorbers anoshandiswa nhasi zvitubu zvegasi, zvakafanana mukugadzira uye musimboti wekushanda kune fenicha magasi zvitubu (kana gasi anosimudza).Nekudaro, mune tekinoroji, kusiyana nekugadzirwa kwefenicha, marudzi maviri ekuvhundutsa anoshandiswa anoshandiswa:
- Gasi (kana pneumatic) ine simba rekunyorovesa;
-Gasi-mafuta (kana hydropneumatic) ine hydraulic damping.
Gas shock absorbers inonyanya kurongeka.Iro cylinder mukati umo mune piston padanda.Iyo yekubuda kwetsvimbo kubva muhumburumbira yakavharwa zvine mutsindo negungano rekudzivirira kudzivirira kubuda kwegasi.Mumadziro e-cylinder mune migero iyo, panguva yekushanda kwekuvhunduka, gasi rinoyerera kubva kune rimwe gomba kuenda kune rimwe.Silinda inozadzwa negasi (kazhinji nitrogen) pakumanikidzwa kukuru.
Chitubu chegasi chinoshanda sezvinotevera.Kana iyo hood yakavharwa, iyo yekuvhundutsa inomanikidzwa inomanikidzwa, semugumisiro wekuti kune imwe vhoriyamu yegesi pasi pekumanikidza kwakanyanya munzvimbo iri pamusoro-piston.Paunenge uchivhura mavhavha evhavha, gasi rinomanikidza mumhepo inoputika inodarika uremu hwehood, semugumisiro wainokwira.Pane imwe nguva, piston inoyambuka migero yemhepo iyo iyo gasi inopinda munzvimbo yepiston, semugumisiro wekuti kudzvinyirira munzvimbo yepamusoro-piston kunodonha uye kukurumidza kwekusimudza hood kunoderera.Nekuenderera mberi kwekufamba, piston inovhara chiteshi, uye pamusoro pekuvhura hood, piston inomira zvakanaka neyakaguma gasi layer.Kana hood yakavharwa, zvinhu zvose zvinoitika munhevedzano yakarongeka, asi pfungwa yekutanga yekuti hood ifambe inopiwa nemaoko evanhu.
Dynamic damping inoitwa mune gasi kuvhundutsa absorber.Kusimudza nekudzikisa hood nekuda kwekudonha kwegasi nguva dzose kunoitika pakuderera kwekukurumidza, uye padanho rekupedzisira hood inomira zvakanaka nekuda kwekumira kwepiston mugasi "pillow".
Zvitubu zveHydropneumatic zvine mudziyo wakafanana, asi nemusiyano mumwe: ine huwandu hwemafuta, umo piston inonyudzwa kana hood ichisimudzwa.Hydraulic damping inoshandiswa mune izvi zvinokatyamadza zvinotora, sezvo kukanganiswa kwehodhi kana nzvimbo dzakanyanyisa dzasvika kunodzimwa nemafuta nekuda kweiyo viscosity.
Hydropneumatic shock absorbers, kusiyana nepneumatic shock absorbers, inosimudza hood nekukurumidza uye zvisingaite isingadzikisi kumhanya munzvimbo yese, asi pneumatic shock absorbers inoita kuvhura kwakapfava nesimba shoma munzvimbo dzakanyanyisa.Pasinei nemisiyano iyi, nhasi marudzi ese egasi zvitubu anenge akaenzana kugovera.
Dhizaini maficha uye maitiro eiyo hood shock absorbers
Zvimiro, ese ma hood shock absorbers (gasi zvitubu kana anomira) akafanana.Iro cylinder, kubva kune rimwe divi iro tsvimbo yepiston inobuda.Pamugumo wakavharwa we cylinder uye kuguma kwetsvimbo, majoini ebhora anogadzirwa, nerubatsiro rwekuti shock absorber inosungirirwa kune hood uye muviri.Kazhinji, hinges dzakavakwa pahwaro hwemapini ebhora ane tambo dzakarukwa, chikamu chebhora chinobatwa nekiyi pane chinokatyamadza chinobatisa, uye nerubatsiro rwechikamu chakashongedzwa uye nut, pini inoiswa pabhaketi.
Kazhinji, kubata hood, zvakakwana kuva nechinhu chinotyisa, asi mumotokari dzakawanda, matirakita nemimwe midziyo ine hood inorema, maviri ekudengenyeka anoshandiswa kamwechete.
Kuiswa kwekuvhunduka kunoitwa munzvimbo iyo, kana tsvimbo yakawedzerwa zvakakwana, hood inozarurwa zvakakwana.Muchiitiko ichi, kutaridzika kwekuvhunduka kunobata maererano nehood uye muviri kunoitwa zvichienderana nerudzi rwayo:
- Pneumatic (gasi) shock absorbers - inogona kuiswa mune chero nzvimbo, zvose netsvimbo pasi (kumuviri) uye tsvimbo kumusoro (kusvika kune hood).Kutarisa mudenga hakukanganisi basa ravo;
- Hydropneumatic (gas-oil) shock absorbers - inofanira kuiswa mu "tsvimbo pasi" nzvimbo, sezvo munyaya iyi mafuta emafuta achagara ari pasi pechitsiko chekuvhunduka, iyo inovimbisa kushanda kwayo kwakanyanya.
Iyo gasi inomira yehood chikamu chiri nyore, zvisinei, inodawo kuteedzera mimwe mitemo yekushanda nekugadzirisa.
Nyaya dzekuchengetedza uye kugadzirisa kwehood shock absorbers
Kuti uwedzere hupenyu hweiyo hood gasi kumira, iwe unofanirwa kutevera mashoma akareruka mazano:
- Usaunza hood kumusoro nechisimba chemaoko - iyo hood inofanira kuzarura chete pasi pesimba rakagadzirwa nekudengenyeka kwekutya;
- Mumwaka wechando, iwe unofanirwa kusimudza nekuvhara hood zvakanaka uye pasina jerks, uchibatsira nemaoko ako, kana zvisina kudaro kune njodzi yekukuvadza iyo frizen shock absorber;
- Shock absorbers haabvumirwi kuparadzaniswa, pasi pekutya, kupisa kwakanyanya, nezvimwewo - izvi zvakazara nekukuvara kwakakomba, sezvo kune gasi pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya mukati.
Muchiitiko chekuputsika kwemushonga wekuvhundutsa, kana ichinge yaora mwoyo kana mafuta ekuputika (izvo zvinokanganisa kushanda kwayo), chikamu chinofanira kuchinjwa musangano.Paunenge uchitenga mutsva wekuvhundutsa, zvinodikanwa kuti uvimbe pane zvinokurudzirwa nemugadziri, asi zvinotenderwa kuitsiva nezvikamu zvakafanana muhunhu.Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti iyo shock absorber inogadzira simba rakakwana rekusimudza hood uye ine hurefu hwakakwana.
Kutsiva iyo hood shock absorber inosvika pakusunungura uye kuomesa nzungu mbiri, mune dzimwe nguva zvingave zvakakosha kutsiva mabhuraketi.Paunenge uchiisa mutsva wekuvhundutsa, zvinofanirwa kuenderana nezvinodiwa zvekutungamira kwayo, ndiko kuti, zvichienderana nerudzi, isa tsvimbo kumusoro kana tsvimbo pasi.Zvikanganiso zvekuisa hazvigamuchirwi, sezvo izvi zvichatungamirira kukushanda kusina kunaka kwekuvhunduka uye kuwedzera njodzi yekukuvara pakuita basa mukamuri yejini.
Nekushanda kwakakodzera kweiyo hood shock absorber uye nekugadzirisa kwayo kwakaringana, kushanda kwemotokari, tarakita kana imwe mhando yemidziyo ichave yakasununguka uye yakachengeteka mumamiriro ese.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-27-2023