Iyo anti-lock braking system (ABS) inotarisisa maparamita ekufamba kwemotokari zvichienderana nekuverenga kwema sensors akaiswa pane rimwe kana anopfuura mavhiri.Dzidza nezve iyo ABS sensor uye nei ichidikanwa, ndeapi mhando, mashandiro ayo uye nemisimboti basa rayo rakavakirwa - tsvaga kubva kuchinyorwa.
Chii chinonzi ABS sensor
ABS sensor (zvakare mota yekumhanyisa sensor, DSA) isiri-inobata sensor yekumhanya kwekutenderera (kana kumhanya) kwevhiri remota dzakashongedzerwa dzakasiyana dzemagetsi dzinoshanda kuchengetedza masisitimu uye ebetsero kudzora masisitimu.Speed sensors ndiyo huru yekuyera zvinhu izvo zvinovimbisa kushanda kweiyo anti-lock braking system (ABS), kugadzikana kudzora system (ESC) uye traction control.Zvakare, kuverenga kwema sensor kunoshandiswa mune mamwe otomatiki transmission control masisitimu, zviyero zvekumanikidza matayi, mwenje unochinja uye zvimwe.
Mota dzese dzemazuvano uye dzimwe mota dzakawanda dzine mavhiri dzakashongedzerwa nema sensors ekumhanya.Pamotokari dzevatakuri, masensa anoiswa pavhiri rega rega, pamotokari dzekutengesa uye marori, masensa anogona kuisirwa ese pamavhiri ese uye mudhiraivha axle musiyano (imwe paaxle).Nokudaro, anti-lock braking systems inogona kutarisa mamiriro emavhiri ose kana mavhiri e-drive axles, uye zvichienderana neruzivo urwu, ita shanduko pakushanda kweiyo braking system.
Mhando dzeABS sensors
Ese maDSA aripo akakamurwa kuita mapoka makuru maviri:
• Passive - inductive;
• Active — magnetoresistive uye zvichibva paHall sensors.
Passive sensors haidi simba rekunze uye ine yakapusa dhizaini, asi ine yakaderera kurongeka uye nehuwandu hwekuipa, saka nhasi ivo havana basa shoma.Active ABS sensors inoda simba rekushanda, yakatiomese mukugadzira uye inodhura zvakanyanya, asi inopa iyo yakanyanya kuverenga kuverenga uye yakavimbika mukushanda.Saka, nhasi ma sensors anoshanda akaiswa pamotokari zhinji.
DSA yemarudzi ese ane mavhezheni maviri:
• Yakarurama (kuguma);
•Kukona.
Masensa akananga ane chimiro che cylinder kana tsvimbo, pane imwe mugumo iyo inonzwa chinhu chakaiswa, kune imwe - chinongedzo kana waya ine chinongedzo.Angle sensors akashongedzerwa neangular yekubatanidza kana waya ine chinongedzo, uye ivo zvakare vane epurasitiki kana simbi bracket ine bhoti gomba.
Dhizaini uye kushanda kweABS inductive sensors
Iyi ndiyo yakapusa yekumhanyisa sensor mukugadzira uye kushanda.Inobva pane inductor ronda netambo yakaonda yemhangura, mukati mayo mune zvine simba risingaperi magineti uye iron magnetic core.Magumo ecoil ane magineti musimboti anowanikwa akatarisana nesimbi giya vhiri (pulse rotor), yakasimba yakasimudzwa pavhiri hub.Mazino e rotor ane rectangular profile, kureba pakati pemazino akaenzana kana kuti zvishoma kudarika upamhi hwawo.
Kushanda kweiyi sensor kunobva pane chiitiko che electromagnetic induction.Pakuzorora, hapana ikozvino mune sensor coil, sezvo yakakomberedzwa neanogara magineti - hapana chiratidzo pakubuda kwe sensor.Kunyange zvazvo motokari ichifamba, mazino e-pulse rotor anopfuura pedyo nemagnetic core ye sensor, iyo inotungamirira kune shanduko mumagetsi emagetsi anopfuura nekoiri.Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo magineti inove inochinjika, iyo, maererano nemutemo we electromagnetic induction, inogadzira inochinjana ikozvino mune coil.Iyi ikozvino inosiyana maererano nemutemo we sine, uye kuwanda kwekuchinja kwezvino kunoenderana nekumhanya kwekutenderera kwe rotor, ndiko kuti, nekukurumidza kwemotokari.
Inductive speed sensors ine zvipingamupinyi zvakakosha - dzinotanga kushanda chete kana imwe kumhanya yakundwa uye kugadzira chiratidzo chisina simba.Izvi zvinoita kuti zvisaite kuti ABS nemamwe masisitimu ashande nekumhanya kwakaderera uye kazhinji zvinotungamira mukukanganisa.Naizvozvo, passive DSAs eiyo inductive type nhasi inopa nzira kune epamberi anoshanda.
Dhizaini uye kushanda kwema sensors ekumhanya zvinoenderana neHoro element
Masensors akavakirwa pazvinhu zveHoro ndiwo anonyanya kuzivikanwa nekuda kwekureruka kwawo uye kuvimbika.Iwo akavakirwa pane iyo Horo mhedzisiro - kuitika kweinochinjika inogona mutsauko mune imwe ndege conductor yakaiswa mune remagineti.Kondakita akadaro sikweya simbi ndiro yakaiswa mune microcircuit (Hall Integrated circuit), iyo inewo evaluating electronic circuit inogadzira chiratidzo chedhijitari.Iyi chip yakaiswa mune yekumhanyisa sensor.
Zvimiro, DSA ine Hall element iri nyore: yakavakirwa pane microcircuit, kumashure uko kune isingaperi magineti, uye simbi plate-magnetic musimboti inogona kuwanikwa yakatenderedza.Zvose izvi zvinoiswa munyaya, kumashure uko kune magetsi emagetsi kana kondakita ane chibatanidza.Iyo sensor inowanikwa yakatarisana ne pulse rotor, iyo inogona kugadzirwa ingave muchimiro chesimbi giya kana mhete ine magineti zvikamu, iyo pulse rotor inogadzika yakasungirirwa pane vhiri hub.
Nheyo yekushanda kweHoro sensor ndeyekutevera.Iyo Horo yakabatanidzwa yedunhu inogara ichigadzira chiratidzo chedhijitari muchimiro chesquare pulses yeimwe frequency.Pakuzorora, chiratidzo ichi chine frequency shoma kana kuti haipo zvachose.Pakutanga kwekufamba kwemotokari, zvikamu zvine magnetized kana mazino e rotor anopfuura ne sensor, iyo inosanganisira shanduko yezvino mune sensor - shanduko iyi inotariswa nedunhu rekuongorora, iro rinoburitsa chiratidzo chekubuda.Kuwanda kwechiratidzo chepulse kunoenderana nekumhanya kwekutenderera kwevhiri, iyo inoshandiswa ne-anti-lock braking system.
DSA yerudzi urwu haina zvipingamupinyi zve inductive sensors, ivo vanokutendera iwe kuyera kumhanya kwekutenderera kwemavhiri chaiko kubva pamasendimita ekutanga ekufamba kwemota, ndeyechokwadi uye yakavimbika mukushanda.
Dhizaini uye kushanda kweanisotropic magnetoresistive kumhanya ma sensors
Magnetoresistive speed sensors yakavakirwa pane anisotropic magnetoresistive effect, inova shanduko mukupikiswa kwemagetsi kwezvinhu zveferromagnetic kana kutaridzika kwavo kuchichinja kune inogara magineti.
Chinhu chinonzwisiswa che sensor i "layer keke" yemahwendefa maviri kana mana akaonda permalloy (yakakosha iron-nickel alloy), painoiswa simbi conductors, kugovera iyo magineti mitsara neimwe nzira.Iwo mahwendefa uye maconductor anoiswa mune yakabatanidzwa dunhu, iyo zvakare inogara iyo yekuongorora dunhu kuti iumbe inobuda chiratidzo.Iyi chip inoiswa mune sensor iri pakatarisana nepulse rotor - mhete yepurasitiki ine zvikamu zvine magnetized.Ringi yacho yakagadzikwa pahubhu yevhiri.
Iko kushanda kwe AMR sensors inodzika kusvika kune inotevera.Pakuzorora, kupikisa kweferromagnetic mahwendefa e sensor kunoramba kusingachinji, saka chiratidzo chinobuda chinogadzirwa nedunhu rakabatanidzwa zvakare hachichinje kana kuti hachipo zvachose.Ipo mota ichifamba, zvikamu zvine magnetized zve pulse ring zvinopfuura nesensor sensing element, izvo zvinotungamira kune imwe shanduko munzira yemagineti field mitsara.Izvi zvinokonzeresa shanduko mukupikiswa kwemaplateti epermalloy, ayo anotariswa nedunhu rekuongorora - semhedzisiro, pulsed dhijitari chiratidzo chinogadzirwa pakubuda kwe sensor, iyo frequency yayo inoenderana nekumhanya kwemota.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti magnetoresistive sensors inobvumidza iwe kuti utarise kwete chete kumhanya kwekutenderera kwemavhiri, asiwo kutungamira kwekutenderera kwavo uye nguva yekumira.Izvi zvinogoneka nekuda kwekuvapo kwe pulse rotor ine magnetized zvikamu: sensor monitors kwete chete shanduko munzira yemagnetic field, asiwo kutevedzana kwekufamba kwemagineti pole kupfuura iyo sensing element.
DSA dzemhando iyi dzakanyanya kuvimbika, dzinopa hupamhi hwepamusoro mukuyera kumhanya kwekutenderera kwemavhiri uye kushanda kunoshanda kweanoshanda kuchengetedza masisitimu.
Iyo yakajairwa nheyo yekushanda kweanokurumidza sensors sechikamu cheABS uye mamwe masisitimu
Anti-lock braking systems, pasinei nema sensors akaiswa mavari, ane nheyo imwechete yekushanda.Iyo ABS control unit inotarisisa chiratidzo chinouya kubva kune yekumhanyisa sensors uye ichichienzanisa neyakatemerwa zviratidzo zvekumhanya uye kukurumidza kwemotokari (izvi zviratidzo ndezvimwe pamotokari imwe neimwe).Kana iyo chiratidzo kubva kune sensor uye ma parameter akanyorwa mu control unit akabatana, iyo system haina kushanda.Kana iyo chiratidzo kubva kune imwe kana kupfuura sensors ichitsauka kubva pamiganho yekugadzira (kureva kuti, mavhiri akavharwa), ipapo sisitimu inosanganisirwa mubhureki system, kudzivirira mhedzisiro yakaipa yekuvhara mavhiri.
Rumwe ruzivo nezve mashandiro e-anti-lock braking uye mamwe anoshanda ekuchengetedza mota masisitimu anogona kuwanikwa mune zvimwe zvinyorwa pane saiti.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-24-2023