Mavhiri emota dzinenge dzese dzine mavhiri, matirakita nemimwe midziyo inoiswa pahubhu uchishandisa shinda dzakarukwa uye nzungu.Verenga pamusoro pekuti vhiri nut chii, ndeapi marudzi emakungu anoshandiswa nhasi, kuti akarongwa sei, pamwe chete nekusarudzwa kwavo, kutsiva uye kushanda - verenga munyaya ino.
Chii chinonzi vhiri nut?
Wheel nut (wheel nut) chibatiso chine shinda chekugadzika kwevhiri pahubhu;Nut yeakakosha dhizaini uye chimiro, yakagadziridzwa yekuvimbika kudzvanya kwerimu kune hub.
Nzungu dzinoshandiswa pamotokari dzine mavhiri akaiswa pazvitubu kana mabhaudhi akaiswa akaiswa kumashure kwehubhu.Vhiri rimwe rinosungirirwa neseti yenzungu muhuwandu hwezvidimbu zvina kusvika gumi kana kupfuura.Kuchengetedzwa kwemotokari kunoenderana nehupamhi hwehuni uye kuvimbika kwekuiswa kwavo, saka, kana nut imwe ikaputsika kana kurasikirwa, inofanira kuchinjwa.Uye kuti uite sarudzo yakanaka uye kutsiva nzungu, unofanirwa kunzwisisa magadzirirwo avo uye maitiro.
Mhando uye magadzirirwo emavhiri nzungu
Ese mavhiri nuts, zvisinei nerudzi, ane dhizaini yakafanana mumusimboti.Kazhinji, ichi chikamu chine hexagonal chine kuburikidza nepakati pegomba kana bofu chiteshi umo shinda inochekwa.Chikamu chekunze che nut chine chamfer, kumashure (yakatarisana ne disc) yakadzikama, conical, spherical kana zvimwe, sezvinotsanangurwa pasi apa.Pamusoro pezvo, nzungu dzinogona kuve dzakashongedzerwa newasheri kana dzakagadziriswa flanges.Nhasi, nzungu dzinowanzo gadzirwa nekutonhora kuumbwa kubva kune alloy simbi, electrolytic anti-corrosion coatings yakavakirwa zinc, chromium, nickel, cadmium kana mhangura inoiswawo kune zvigadzirwa.
Mazuva ano mavhiri nuts anosiyana mukugadzirwa, rudzi rwekutakura nzvimbo uye kushanda.
Nekugadzira, nzungu dziri mhando mbiri:
● Open-threaded (yakajairika);
● Ne thread yakavharwa (cap).
Zvigadzirwa zverudzi rwekutanga ndezvakajairika nzungu neburi rinochekwa shinda.Zvigadzirwa zverudzi rwechipiri zvinogadzirwa nenzira yezvivharo, mukati mawo mapofu akasungwa chiteshi.Cap vhiri nzungu inodzivirira tambo kubva kune yakashata nharaunda pesvedzero uye inopa inoyevedza kutaridzika kune vhiri rose.
Iyo hub assembly uye nzvimbo yevhiri nzungu mairi
Muchiitiko ichi, nzungu dzinogona kuva nekunze kwekunze kwemhando dzakasiyana dze wrench:
● Nzungu dzakaenzana - kunze hexagon;
● Non-standard nuts - cap nuts yemukati hexagon, yeTORX wrenches nevamwe;
● Nuts for a special wrench ("secrets").
Zvinoenderana nedhizaini yenzvimbo inotsigira ye nati (iyo iyo iyo chigadzirwa inogara pamupendero panguva yekuisa, ichipa iyo clamping) yakakamurwa kuita mana akajairwa marudzi:
● Rudzi rweA - nzvimbo inotsigira inogadzirwa nenzira ye spherical flange ine dhayamita yakakura kudarika nut pachayo.Iwo akakamurwa kuva mhando A ine M12-M20 shinda (yakaderera kureba) uye mhando A ine M22 shinda (yakawedzera kureba);
● Rudzi rweB - nzvimbo inotsigira inogadzirwa nenzira yeflange yakadzika yehupamhi yakakura kupfuura nut pachayo;
● Rudzi rweC - nzvimbo inotsigira inogadzirwa nenzira yekoni yakatemwa ine dhayamita inoderera kusvika kumusoro;
● Type D - iyo inotakura nzvimbo inogadzirwa muchimiro chenhapwa yekusundira washer ine chigadziko chakati sandara chedhayamita yakakura kupfuura nati pachayo.
Cone nuts emhando ye "European" inomira muchikamu chakasiyana - yavo yekubereka inogadzirwa nenzira yeconical flange yekuwedzera dhayamita.Izvo hazvina kumira muRussia, asi zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya.
Nzungu dzemavhiri dzine spherical bearing surface
Kune zvakare akasiyana-siyana asina-standard nzungu:
● Kukiya nzungu - zvigadzirwa zvine nzvimbo yakati sandara, yakazara nemawacha ane marata (rimwe kana maviri) anodzivirira kuvhurika kwezvinosungirirwa;
● Nuts ekuwedzera kureba - zvigadzirwa zvine dhizaini yakafanana neyakajairwa fasteners, asi inosiyana mukuwedzera kureba;
● "Skirts" - nuts ane urefu hwakawedzerwa hwechikamu che threaded, chinoshandiswa pakugadzirisa mavhiri alloy ane matsime akadzika ezvisungo;
● Nzungu dzemamwe maumbirwo.
Zvinoenderana nekushanda, mavhiri nuts akakamurwa kuita mapoka akati wandei padivi rekuiswa pamotokari uye mukana wekuvashandisa neimwe kana imwe mhando yemarimu.
Padivi pekuiswa pamotokari, nzungu dzinoti:
● Universal;
● Kurutivi rworuboshwe (ne "kurudyi" thread);
● Kurutivi rworudyi (ne "kuruboshwe" thread).
Universal nzungu dzine yakajairwa ("kurudyi") shinda, iyo inoshandiswa kukwira mavhiri ese emota, yekutengesa uye akawanda marori.Nzungu dzakafanana dzinoshandiswa kukwidza mavhiri kuruboshwe (munzira yekufamba) yemotokari, uye nzungu dzine shinda "kuruboshwe" dzinobata mavhiri kurutivi rworudyi.Kushandiswa kwenzungu uku kunodzidzivirira kuti dzirege kusununguka dzoga kana motokari ichifamba.
Pakupedzisira, nzungu dzinogadzirwa kuti dzishandiswe pamhando dzakasiyana dzemarimu:
● Yemadhisiki akadhindwa;
● Yekuumbwa (alloy wheels) uye mavhiri akagadzirwa.
Nzungu dzemavhiri ealloy dzine yakawedzera tsigiro pamusoro peiyo conical kana spherical chimiro, iyo inopa yakanyanya kunaka kugovera mitoro pane disc uye inodzivirira deformation yayo.Uye zvakare, nhasi kune kwakakura kwakasiyana-siyana kwakakosha nzungu kune alloy mavhiri ane akasiyana ekushongedza maitiro, ayo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumunda we auto-tuning.
Chakavanzika nzungu
Muchikamu chakasiyana, izvo zvinonzi "zvakavanzika" (kana nzungu kune yakakosha turnkey) inomira - nzungu dzechigadzirwa chakakosha chinodzivirira (kana zvishoma kuderedza mukana) wekusabvumidzwa kusingabvumirwe kwenzungu uye kuba kwemavhiri kubva mumotokari. .Sezvo mutemo, chakavanzika chimwe chakaiswa pagumbo panzvimbo yeimwe yemhando nuts, saka seti yechina kana matanhatu (zvichienderana nenhamba yeaxles) yezvigadzirwa zvakadaro inokwana kumotokari.
Zvose zvakavanzika zvine musimboti mumwechete - aya ndiwo anotsvedzerera nzungu anogona kusimbiswa uye asina kuvharwa chete nerubatsiro rweiyo yakakosha wrench inouya nekiti.Muchiitiko chakareruka, dziviriro inopiwa neyakaoma (kwete hexagonal) chimiro chekunze kweiyo nati, zvakavanzika zvakanyanya zvine yakavanzika turnkey pamusoro uye kudzivirirwa kubva pakusarurwa ne pliers (kunze koni, kunze swivel surface, nezvimwe) .
Zvinoenderana nehunhu, zvakavanzika zvakafanana kune akajairwa mavhiri nzungu.
Nzungu dzepachivande dzakakwana nechipanera chakakosha
Hunhu hwemavhiri nzungu
Pakati pehukuru hunhu hwevhiri nuts inogona kusiyaniswa:
● Hukuru uye nzira yeshinda;
● Turnkey size;
● Kirasi yesimba.
Type A, B neC nzungu dzinowanikwa mushinda nhanhatu - M12 ine shinda dzakanaka (ine pitch ye1.25 mm), M12, M14, M18, M20 neM22 ine shinda inokwana 1.5 mm.Type D nzungu dzakagadzirirwa marori dzine shinda yeM18, M20 neM22 ine pitch ye1.5 mm.Saizvozvowo, saizi yeturnkey yevhiri nuts inogona kuva 17, 19, 24, 27, 30 uye 32.
Nzungu kuti ive nechokwadi chekuvimbika uye mukana wekusimbisa nesimba rinodiwa pasina deformation inofanira kuva nekirasi yesimba ye8 kana 10 (uye nzungu dzine nhapwa yewasher - kanenge gumi).Izvi zvinowanikwa nekushandiswa kwemamwe mamakisi esimbi uye (dzimwe nguva) kushandiswa kwekuwedzera kwechigadzirwa chakapedzwa.
Ese mavhiri nuts anogadzirwa muRussia maererano nekugadzirwa uye maitiro anofanirwa kuenderana nezvinodiwa zveGOST R 53819-2010 uye akati wandei mamwe maitiro ane hukama.Vazhinji vekunze automakers vanoshandisa yavo miyero yezvisungo, saka nzungu dzavo dzinogona kusiyana mukugadzira kubva kune dzakatsanangurwa pamusoro.
Kusarudzwa kwakakodzera uye kuchinjwa kwevhiri nuts
Nokufamba kwenguva, mavhiri nuts anokanganisa, anova mashoma kusimba, kana kungorasika kana akaiswa zvisizvo - mune ese aya mamiriro, zvakakosha kuisa fasteners nyowani.Kuti utsive, zvinodikanwa kusarudza nzungu dzemhando imwe chete uye nemaitiro akafanana akaiswa kare - iyi ndiyo chete nzira iyo fasteners inovimbiswa kukwana.
Kana marimu akatsiviwa, ipapo marimu anofanira kusarudzwa kwavari.Saka, pamwe chete neakajairwa simbi yakadhindwa discs, yakajairwa conical, spherical kana flat nzungu inoshandiswa.Nemarori discs (kusanganisira mavhiri eEuro), nzungu dzine nhapwa thrust washer ichangobva kushandiswa zvakanyanya.Uye kune mavhiri alloy, iwe unofanirwa kusarudza makungu akakodzera ane yakakura kutakura nzvimbo kana yakakosha nzungu.
Kunyanya kukoshesa kunofanira kubhadharwa kune kusarudzwa kwemiti yemarori - pano inofanira kugara ichiyeukwa kuti kurutivi rworudyi ma discs akasungirirwa nenzungu neruboshwe rworuboshwe.
Kuchengetedza kunofanira kutorwa kusarudza nzungu dzekugadzirisa motokari.Nhasi, musika unopa hukuru hwakakura hwezvigadziro zvemavhiri alloy, asi kazhinji nzungu idzi hadzina kuzadzisa zviyero zvesimba uye humwe hunhu - izvi zvakazara nekuputsika kwezvitsigiro uye tsaona.
Paunenge uchiisa vhiri, zvakakosha kutevera mazano e automaker yekusimbisa nuts - funga nezvekutevedzana uye kusimbisa simba.Sezvo mutemo, nzungu dzakasimbiswa dzakachinjika nesimba rakadaro raizovimbisa kusungirirwa kwakavimbika kwevhiri uye kusazokanganisa disc.Nekusimba kusina simba, kungoerekana kwasununguka kwemanzungu kunokwanisika, uye kupfeka kwakanyanya kwezviputi nemakomba emupendero kunoitikawo.Kunyanya kuomesa kunogona kukonzera deformation ye disc uye kuwedzera mukana wekutsemuka uye kumwe kukuvadza.
Chete nekusarudzwa kwakaringana uye kuiswa kwevhiri nuts, mota ichave yakagadzikana munzira uye yakachengeteka mumamiriro akasiyana.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-05-2023