Hwaro hweiyo pneumatic system yeMAZ marori iyuniti yejekiseni remhepo - inodzoreredza compressor.Verenga nezve MAZ air compressors, maitiro avo, maitiro, magadzirirwo uye musimboti wekushanda, pamwe nekuchengetedza kwakakodzera, kusarudzwa uye kutenga kwechikamu ichi munyaya ino.
Chii chinonzi MAZ compressor?
Iyo MAZ compressor chikamu cheiyo brake system yemarori eMinsk Automobile Plant ine pneumatic drive michina;muchina wekumanikidza mweya unobva mumhepo uchiupa kumayuniti epneumatic system.
Iyo compressor ndechimwe chezvakakosha zveiyo pneumatic system, ine matatu makuru mabasa:
• Kutora mhepo kubva mumhepo;
• Kudzvinyirirwa kwemhepo kumanikidziro anodiwa (0.6-1.2 MPa, zvichienderana nemaitiro ekushanda);
• Kupa kwehuwandu hunodiwa hwemhepo kuhurongwa.
Iyo compressor inomisikidzwa painopinza kune sisitimu, ichipa mweya wakamanikidzwa muvhoriyamu inokwana kushanda kwakajairwa kwese zvikamu zveiyo brake system uye vamwe vatengi.Kushanda kusina kunaka kana kukundikana kwechikwata ichi kunoderedza kushanda kwemabhureki uye kukanganisa kubata kwemotokari.Naizvozvo, compressor yakashata inofanirwa kugadziriswa kana kutsiviwa nekukurumidza, uye kuti uite sarudzo yakanaka yeyuniti, unofanirwa kunzwisisa mhando dzayo, maitiro uye maitiro.
Mhando, maitiro uye kushandiswa kweMAZ compressors
Motokari dzeMAZ dzinoshandisa single-stage piston air compressors ine imwe uye maviri silinda.Kushanda kwemayuniti kunoenderana nemuenzaniso weinjini yakaiswa pamotokari, iwo maviri emhando mhando anonyanya kushandiswa:
- 130-3509 yemotokari dzine YaMZ-236 uye YaMZ-238 magetsi ekugadzirisa kwakasiyana-siyana, MMZ D260 nevamwe, pamwe chete nemagetsi matsva YaMZ "Euro-3" uye yakakwirira (YaMZ-6562.10 nevamwe);
- 18.3509015-10 uye kugadziridzwa kwemotokari dzine TMZ 8481.10 zvidyarwa zvemagetsi zvekuchinja kwakasiyana.
Iyo yekutanga modhi 130-3409 ndeye 2-cylinder compressor, pahwaro hweiyo mutsara wezvikamu wakagadzirwa, iwo makuru ma paramita anoratidzwa mutafura:
| Compressor muenzaniso | Kubudirira, l/min | Simba rekushandisa, kW | Actuator mhando |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16-3509012 | 210 | 2,17 | V-bhandi dhiraivha, pulley 172 mm |
| 161-3509012 | 210 | 2,0 | |
| 161-3509012-20 | 275 | 2,45 | |
| 540-3509015,540-3509015 B1 | 210 | 2,17 | |
| 5336-3509012 | 210 |
Aya mayunitsi anopa maitiro aya pane zita remashaft kumhanya kwe2000 rpm uye anochengetedza kusvika kune yakakwira frequency ye2500 rpm.Compressors 5336-3509012, yakagadzirirwa mamwe mainjini emazuva ano, inoshanda pa shaft kumhanya kwe2800 uye 3200 rpm, zvichiteerana.
Macompressors akaiswa painjini, achibatanidza kutonhora kwayo uye lubrication masisitimu.Musoro weyuniti yakanyoroveswa nemvura, masilinda anotonhorera mhepo nekuda kwemafins akagadzirwa.Kuzora kwezvikamu zvekukwesha kunosanganiswa (zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinozorwa pasi pekumanikidzwa uye kupfapfaidza mafuta).Misiyano pakati pekugadziridzwa kwema compressor eiyo base modhi 130-3409 ndiyo nzvimbo yakasiyana yeinopinza uye yekubuda pombi yekutonhodza uye lubrication system, uye dhizaini yemavharuvhu.
Chikamu 18.3509015-10 - single-cylinder, ine simba re 373 l / min pane yakatemerwa shaft yekumhanya ye2000 rpm (yakanyanya - 2700 rpm, yakakura pakuderedzwa kwekubuda - 3000 rpm).Iyo compressor inoiswa painjini, inofambiswa nemagiya egasi rekugovera michina, yakabatana kune inotonhorera uye lubrication masisitimu emota.Kutonhora kwemusoro imvura, silinda kutonhora mweya, lubricant inosanganiswa.
Boka rakaparadzana rine macompressors 5340.3509010-20 / LK3881 (single-cylinder) uye 536.3509010 / LP4870 (maviri-cylinder) - aya mayuniti ane huwandu hwe270 l / min (zvose sarudzo) uye dhiraivha kubva kumagiya enguva.
Macompressors emhando dzese anopihwa mune akasiyana masisitimu - ane uye asina pulleys, nekuburitsa (ine mechanical pressure regulator, "musoja") uye pasina iyo, nezvimwe.
Dhizaini uye musimboti wekushanda kweMAZ compressors
MAZ compressors yemhando dzese dzine mudziyo wakareruka.Nheyo yeyuniti ndiyo cylinder block, muchikamu chepamusoro pane macylinders, uye muchikamu chezasi pane crankshaft ine mabhengi ayo.Iyo crankcase yeyuniti yakavharwa neyekumberi uye kumashure zvivharo, musoro wakaiswa pachivharo kuburikidza negasket (gaskets).Mumasilinda pane mapistoni pamatanda ekubatanidza, kuiswa kwezvikamu izvi kunoitwa kuburikidza nemagetsi.Iyo pulley kana dhiraivha giya inoiswa pachigunwe che crankshaft, iyo pulley / giya yakakiyiwa kukwira, ine gadziriso kurwisa longitudinal kutamiswa ne nati.
Iyo block uye crankshaft ine nzira dzemafuta dzinopa mafuta kune zvikamu zvekukwesha.Oiri yakadzvinyirirwa inoyerera nemumigero mu crankshaft ichienda kumajenari etsvimbo yekubatanidza, kwainozora nzvimbo yekubatanidza ye liner uye tsvimbo yekubatanidza.Zvakare, kudzvanya kudiki kubva kumajenari etsvimbo yekubatanidza kuburikidza netambo yekubatanidza inopinda piston pin.Kupfuurirazve, oiri inodonha uye inoputswa nezvikamu zvinotenderera kuita madonhwe madiki - mhute yemafuta inoguma inozora madziro ehumburumbira nezvimwe zvikamu.
Mumusoro wevhavha kune mavharuvhu - kupinza, kuburikidza nemhepo kubva mumhepo inopinda muhumburumbira, uye kuburitsa, kuburikidza neiyo mweya wakamanikidzwa unopiwa kune anotevera zvikamu zvehurongwa.Iwo mavharuvhu ane-wafer-shaped, akabatwa munzvimbo yakavharwa nerubatsiro rwezvitubu zvakasungwa.Pakati pemavharuvhu pane chigadziro chekudzikisa, icho, kana kumanikidzwa kwe compressor outlet kuchikwira zvakanyanya, kuzarura mavharuvhu ose, achibvumira kusununguka kwemhepo pakati pavo kuburikidza nemugero wekubuda.
Dhizaini yeaviri-cylinder compressor MAZ
Nheyo yekushanda yemhepo compressors iri nyore.Apo injini inotanga, shaft yeyuniti inotanga kutenderera, ichipa kudzokorora mafambiro episton kuburikidza nematanda ekubatanidza.Apo piston inodzikiswa pasi pesimba remhepo yemhepo, valve yekutora inovhura, uye mhepo kubva, mushure mokupfuura nesefa kuti ibvise tsvina, inozadza cylinder.Apo piston inosimudzwa, kuvhara kwevhavha inovhara, panguva imwechete yevhavha yekuvhara yakavharwa - kudzvinyirira mukati me cylinder kunowedzera.Kana imwe dzvinyiriro yasvikwa, vharuvhu yekuburitsa inovhurika uye mhepo inoyerera ichipinda mukati meiyo pneumatic system.Kana kudzvanywa muhurongwa kwakanyanyisa, ipapo mudziyo wekuburitsa unouya mukushanda, ese mavharuvhu akavhurika, uye compressor idles.
Mune maviri-cylinder units, masilinda anoshanda mu antiphase: apo piston imwe inodzika pasi uye mweya wakasvetwa muhumburumbira, yechipiri piston inokwira kumusoro uye inosundira mweya wakamanikidzwa muhurongwa.
Nyaya dzekugadzirisa, kugadzirisa, kusarudzwa uye kutsiva MAZ compressors
Air compressor iri nyore uye yakavimbika unit inogona kushanda kwemakore.Zvisinei, kuti uwane chigumisiro ichi, zvinodikanwa kuti ugare uchiita gadziriro yakatarwa.Kunyanya, kushushikana kwebhandi rekutyaira rema-cylinder compressors kunofanirwa kuongororwa zuva nezuva (kutsauka kwebhandi hakufanirwe kudarika 5-8 mm kana simba re3 kg rinoiswa pairi), uye, kana zvichidikanwa, kugadzirisa kunofanira. kugadzirwa uchishandisa tensioner bolt.
Yese 10-12 zviuru zvemakiromita ekumhanya, iwe unofanirwa kutarisa chisimbiso cheiyo mafuta chiteshi muvhavha yekumashure yeyuniti.Ese 40-50 zviuru zvemakiromita ekumhanya, musoro unofanirwa kubviswa, unofanirwa kucheneswa, mapistoni, mavharuvhu, chiteshi, kugovera uye kubuda hoses, uye zvimwe zvikamu.Kuvimbika uye kutendeseka kwemavharuvhu anotariswa pakarepo, kana zvichidikanwa, anotsiviwa (nekuputira).Zvakare, iyo yekuburutsa mudziyo inoenderana nekuongororwa.Basa rose rinofanira kuitwa maererano nemirairo yekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa motokari.
Kana zvikamu zvega zvecompressor zvichiputsika, zvinogona kutsiviwa, mune zvimwe zviitiko zvakakosha kushandura zvachose compressor (deformations uye makatsemuka pamusoro uye block, general kupfeka macylinders uye mamwe malfunctions).Paunosarudza compressor itsva, zvakakosha kufunga nezvemuenzaniso uye kugadziriswa kwechikwata chekare, pamwe chete nemuenzaniso wemagetsi emagetsi.Kazhinji, mayuniti ese akavakirwa pa130-3509 anogona kuchinjika uye anogona kushanda pane chero YaMZ-236, 238 injini uye akawanda ekugadziridza.Zvisinei, zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti vamwe vavo vane simba re 210 l / min, uye vamwe vane simba re 270 l / min, uye ma compressor matsva emuenzaniso 5336-3509012 ekugadzirisa kwakasiyana-siyana anowanzoshanda nekumhanya kukuru. .Kana injini yaishandiswa kuva ne compressor ine simba re 270 l / min, ipapo chikwata chitsva chinofanira kunge chakafanana, kana zvisina kudaro hurongwa hahuzove nemhepo yakakwana yekushanda.
Single-cylinder compressors 18.3509015-10 inounzwa muhuwandu hushoma hwekugadziridzwa, uye kwete ese anogona kuchinjika.Semuyenzaniso, compressor 18.3509015 yakagadzirirwa KAMAZ 740 injini uye haina kukodzera YaMZ injini.Kuti udzivise zvikanganiso, zvinodikanwa kutsanangura mazita akazara e compressors usati wazvitenga.
Neparutivi, zvakakodzera kutaura maGerman compressors KNORR-BREMSE, ari analogues epamusoro mamodheru emayuniti.Semuenzaniso, maviri-cylinder compressors anogona kutsiviwa neyuniti 650.3509009, uye imwechete-cylinder compressors neLP-3999.Aya macompressor ane maitiro akafanana uye zviyero zvekuisa, saka zviri nyore kutora nzvimbo yeimba.
Nekusarudzwa kwakakodzera uye kuiswa, iyo MAZ compressor ichashanda yakavimbika, ichivimbisa kushanda kweiyo mota pneumatic system mune chero mamiriro ekushanda.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-05-2023