Hydraulic shock absorbers anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukumiswa kwemarori eKAMAZ, ayo anotamba basa remadhamu.Ichi chinyorwa chinotsanangura zvakadzama nzvimbo yekuvhundutsa kunobata mukumiswa, mhando uye mienzaniso yekuvhundutsa inoshandiswa, pamwe nekuchengetedza uye kugadzirisa kwezvikamu izvi.
General ruzivo nezve kumiswa kwemotokari dzeKAMAZ
Kumiswa kwemarori eKAMAZ kunovakwa zvinoenderana neklass zvirongwa, izvo zvave zvichiratidza kuvimbika kwavo kwemakumi emakore, uye zvichiri kukosha.Zvese zvinomiswa zvinotsamira, zvinosanganisira elastic uye damping zvinhu, mamwe mamodheru anewo stabilizers.Longitudinal mashizha zvitubu (kazhinji semi-elliptical) anoshandiswa se elastic zvinhu mukumiswa, ayo akaiswa pafuremu uye danda reiyo axle (kumberi kusimudzwa uye nekumashure kumiswa kwemaviri-axle modhi) kana pamatanda eiyo axle. ekisi nemaekisero ezviyereso (mukurembera kumashure kwemaekisi matatu emodhi).
Hydraulic shock absorbers inoshandiswawo mukumiswa kwemotokari dzeKAMAZ.Izvi zvikamu zvinoshandiswa muzviitiko zvinotevera:
-Pamberi kumiswa kwemhando dzese dzeKama marori pasina kusarudzika;
-Kumberi nekumashure kumiswa kwemamwe mamodheru emota imwe chete uye matirakita akareba.
Shock absorbers mumashure ekusimudzwa anoshandiswa chete pamhando mbiri-axle marori, ayo asina kuwanda mumutsara weKAMAZ.Parizvino, KAMAZ-4308 ari mukati-kati-basa motokari, KAMAZ-5460 matirakita uye achangoburwa KAMAZ-5490 matarakita refu-refu vane kumisa kwakadaro.
Shock absorbers mukumiswa inoita sechinhu chinonyorovesa, inodzivirira motokari kuti irege kuzununguka pazvitubu kana ichikunda mabhomba emugwagwa, uyewo inotora zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuvhundutsa uye zvinotyisa.Zvose izvi zvinowedzera kunyaradza paunenge uchityaira motokari, pamwe nekuvandudza mabatiro ayo uye, semugumisiro, kuchengeteka.Iyo yekuvhundutsa inobata chikamu chakakosha chekusimiswa, saka kana chiitiko chisingaiti, chinofanira kugadziriswa kana kuchinjwa.Uye kuitira kuti ugadzirise nekukurumidza uye pasina mari yakawedzerwa, unofanirwa kuziva nezvemhando uye mienzaniso yezvinotyisa zvinoshandiswa pamarori eKAMAZ.
Mhando uye mamodheru ekuvhundutsa absorber KAMAZ kumiswa
Parizvino, iyo Kama Automobile Plant inoshandisa akati wandei marudzi makuru ekukatyamadza anotora:
- Compact shock absorbers nehurefu hwe 450 mm uye piston sitiroko ye 230 mm kune kumberi nekumashure kusimudzwa kwematarakita eKAMAZ-5460;
- Universal shock absorbers ine hurefu hwe 460 mm uye piston sitiroko ye275 mm inoshandiswa pamberi kumiswa kweakawanda maflatbed mota, matirakita uye marori ekurasa (KAMAZ-5320, 53212, 5410, 54112, 5511, 55111 nevamwe), uye izvi zvinokatyamadza zvinomisikidzwa zvakare kumberi nekumashure kumiswa kweviri-axle KAMAZ-4308 flatbed mota;
- Shock absorbers nehurefu hwe 475 mm nepiston stroke ye 300 mm inoshandiswa pamberi pekumiswa kweKAMAZ-43118 off-road motokari.Izvi zvinokatyamadza mushanduro ne "tsvimbo-tsvimbo" gomo rinoshandiswa mukumiswa kweNefAZ mabhazi;
- Shock absorbers nehurefu hwe 485 mm nepiston sitiroko ye 300 mm inoshandiswa muKAMAZ semi-trailers, pamwe nekumiswa kwepamberi mune dzimwe mauto emotokari kunze kwemugwagwa (KAMAZ-4310);
- Yakareba-stroke shock absorbers ine hurefu hwe 500 mm ine piston sitiroko ye 325 mm inoiswa pamberi pekumiswa kweKAMAZ-65112 itsva uye 6520 marori ekurasira.
Ese aya anonwisa mashura ndeechinyakare hydraulic, akagadzirwa zvinoenderana neaviri-pombi chirongwa.Zvizhinji zvekuvhunduka zvine ziso-ku-ziso gomo, asi zvikamu zveNefAZ mabhazi ane tsvimbo-to-stem gomo.Shock absorbers emhando dzazvino dzemarori ekurasira kubva kuBAAZ akashongedzerwa nearefu epurasitiki casing, iyo inopa dziviriro iri nani kubva kumvura netsvina.
Ese mota dzeKAMAZ dzakashongedzerwa neBelarusian-made shock absorbers.Zvigadzirwa kubva kune vaviri vanogadzira zvinopihwa kune vanotakura:
- BAAZ (Baranovichi Automobile Aggregate Plant) - guta reBaranovichi;
- GZAA (Grodno Plant yeMotokari Units) - guta reGrodno.
BAAZ neGZAA vanopa marudzi ese aya ekukatyamadza, uye zvigadzirwa izvi zvinopihwa kumusika zvakawanda, saka kutsiva kwavo (pamwe nekugadziriswa kwekumiswa kwerori kazhinji) kunogona kuitwa munguva pfupi uye pasina mari yakawedzerwa. .
Zvakare, zvinokatyamadza zvemarori eKAMAZ zvinopihwa nemugadziri weUkraine FLP ODUD (Melitopol) pasi peiyo OSV brand, pamwe neRussia NPO ROSTAR (Naberezhnye Chelny) neBelarusian kambani FENOX (Minsk).Izvi zvinowedzera zvakanyanya kusarudzwa kwekuvhundutsa uye zvinovhura nzira yekuchengetedza mari.
Nyaya dzekuchengetedza nekugadzirisa zvekuvhunduka
Mhando dzemazuva ano dze hydraulic shock absorbers haidi kuchengetedzwa kwakakosha.Izvo zvinodiwawo kutarisa mamiriro emabhurabhu erubha akaiswa mumaziso ekuvhundutsa - kana mabhuni akaremara kana kuputika, anofanira kutsiviwa.
Kana iyo yekuvhundutsa inobata yapedza pfuma yayo kana ine kukanganisa kwakakomba (kudonha kwemafuta, deformation yemuviri kana tsvimbo, kuparadzwa kwezvisungo, nezvimwewo), ipapo chikamu chinofanira kutsiviwa.Kazhinji, zvinobata zvekuvhundutsa zvinonamirwa neminwe miviri chete (mabhaudhi) kumusoro uye nechepasi, saka kutsiva chikamu ichi kunoderedzwa chete kusunungura mabhaudhi aya.Basa racho rinonyanya nyore kuita pagomba rekuongorora, sezvo munyaya iyi hapana chikonzero chekubvisa mavhiri.
Nekutsiviwa kwakakodzera panguva yekuvhunduka, kumiswa kwemotokari kuchapa kunyaradzwa kwakakodzera uye kuchengetedzwa kwemotokari mumamiriro ese.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-27-2023