Mota yemazuvano igadziriso yemagetsi yakagadziridzwa ine akawanda emidziyo yemagetsi yezvinangwa zvakasiyana.Kudzora kwemidziyo iyi kwakavakirwa pamidziyo yakapusa - electromagnetic relays.Verenga zvese nezve relay, mhando dzadzo, dhizaini uye mashandiro, pamwe nesarudzo yavo chaiyo uye kutsiva, muchinyorwa.
Chii chinonzi electromagnetic relay?
Automotive electromagnetic relay chinhu chemotokari yemagetsi system;Chigadzirwa chemagetsi chekudzora chinopa kuvhara nekuvhurwa kwemaseketi emagetsi kana chiratidzo chekudzora chikaiswa kubva kune zvinodzora padashboard kana kubva kumasensa.
Motokari imwe neimwe yemazuva ano inogadzirwa nemagetsi akagadziridzwa, ayo anosanganisira akawanda, kana kunyange mazana emaseketi ane midziyo yakasiyana-siyana - marambi, magetsi emagetsi, sensors, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, nezvimwewo. Maseketi akawanda anodzorwa nemaoko nemutyairi, asi kuchinja kweizvi. maseketi haaitirwe zvakananga kubva padhibhodhi, asi kure nekushandisa anobatsira zvinhu - emagetsi relays.
Electromagnetic relays anoita mabasa akati wandei:
● Ipa kudzora kure kwemagetsi emagetsi, zvichiita kuti zvive zvisina kufanira kudhonza waya huru zvakananga kune dashboard yemotokari;
● Kuparadzanisa magetsi emagetsi uye magetsi ekugadzirisa magetsi, kuvandudza kuchengetedzwa uye kuvimbika kwegadziriro yemagetsi emotokari;
● Deredza urefu hwetambo dzemagetsi emagetsi;
● Ita kuti kushandiswa kwepakati pekugadzirisa hurongwa hwemagetsi emagetsi emotokari - relays inoungana mune imwe kana kupfuura mabhuroko umo nhamba huru yemagetsi emagetsi anosangana;
● Mamwe marudzi erelays anoderedza chiyero chekuvhiringidza kwemagetsi kunoitika pakushandura magetsi emagetsi.
Relays zvikamu zvakakosha zvehurongwa hwemagetsi emotokari, kushanda kwakashata kwezvikamu izvi kana kukundikana kwavo kunotungamirira mukurasikirwa kwekushanda kwega yega midziyo yemagetsi kana mapoka ose ezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, kusanganisira izvo zvakakosha pakushanda kwemotokari.Naizvozvo, zvikanganiso zvinodzokororwa zvinofanirwa kutsiviwa nezvitsva nekukurumidza, asi usati waenda kuchitoro chezvikamu izvi, unofanirwa kunzwisisa marudzi avo, magadzirirwo uye maitiro.
Automotive relay
Mhando, dhizaini uye musimboti wekushanda kwe electromagnetic relays
Yese mota relays, zvisinei nerudzi uye kushanda, zvine dhizaini yakafanana.Iyo relay ine zvikamu zvitatu zvikuru: electromagnet, inofambiswa armature uye boka rekuonana.Iyo electromagnet inomonereka yeenameled waya yemhangura yediki muchinjiko-chikamu, yakasungirirwa pasimbi yesimbi (magnetic core).Iyo inofambiswa armature inowanzo gadzirwa muchimiro cheplate rakatsetseka kana chikamu chakaita L, chakasungirirwa pamusoro pemagumo emagetsi.Iyo anchor inozorora pane yekuonana boka rakagadzirwa nenzira yeelastic mahwendefa ane riveted bronze kana mamwe mapoinzi ekusangana.Ichi chimiro chese chinowanikwa pachigadziko, muchikamu chezasi icho kune akajairwa mapanga anobatana, akavharwa nepurasitiki kana simbi casing.
designKushanda musimboti we4 uye 5 pini relays
Nzira yekubatanidza uye nheyo yekushanda kweiyo relay inobva pamitemo iri nyore.Iyo relay yakakamurwa kuita maseketi maviri - kutonga uye simba.Dunhu rekudzora rinosanganisira mhepo yemagetsi, yakabatana kune simba sosi (bhatiri, jenareta) uye kune inodzora muviri uri pane dashboard (bhatani, chinja), kana kune sensor ine boka rekusangana.Iyo dunhu remagetsi rinosanganisira imwe kana anopfuura marelay contacts, iwo akabatana kune magetsi uye inodzorwa mudziyo / dunhu.Relay inoshanda sezvinotevera.Kana iyo control yakadzimwa, iyo electromagnet inotenderera inotenderera inovhurika uye yazvino haiyerere mairi, iyo electromagnet armature inotsikirirwa kunze kwepakati nechitubu, iyo relay contacts yakavhurika.Paunodzvanya bhatani kana kushandura, ikozvino inoyerera kuburikidza nemhepo yemagetsi emagetsi, magnetic field inomuka yakaipoteredza, iyo inoita kuti armature ikwekwe kupakati.Iyo armature inozorora pane vanobatana uye inovashandura, kuve nechokwadi kuvharwa kwemasekete (kana, ukuwo, kuvhura muchiitiko cheanowanzo kuvharwa mameta) - mudziyo kana dunhu rakabatana kune simba sosi uye rinotanga kuita mabasa ayo.Kana iyo electromagnet winding ichibviswa-simba, iyo armature inodzokera kunzvimbo yayo yepakutanga pasi pechiito chechirimo, ichidzima mudziyo / dunhu.
Electromagnetic relays akakamurwa kuita akati wandei marudzi zvichienderana nenhamba yevanobatika, mhando yekubata switching, nzira yekuisa uye hunhu hwemagetsi.
Zvinoenderana nenhamba yevanobatika, ese marelay akakamurwa kuva marudzi maviri:
● Pini ina;
● Pini-shanu.
Mune relay yerudzi rwekutanga pane 4 chete vanobatana nebanga, mune relay yerudzi rwechipiri pane vatove 5 vanobatana.Mune zvese zvinodzoreredzwa, vanobatika vakarongedzerwa mune imwe kurongeka, izvo zvinobvisa iyo isiriyo yekumisikidzwa kwechigadzirwa ichi muvharo rekubatana.Musiyano uripo pakati pe4-pini uye 5-pini relays ndiyo nzira iyo masekete anochinjika.
A 4-pini relay ndiyo yakapusa mudziyo inopa switch yedunhu rimwe chete.Mazita ane chinangwa chinotevera:
● Mabatani maviri edunhu rekutonga - nerubatsiro rwavo, mhepo ye electromagnet yakabatana;
● Mabhii maviri emagetsi emagetsi akashandurwa - anoshandiswa kubatanidza dunhu kana chigadziro kune magetsi.Mazita aya anogona chete kuva mumatunhu maviri - "On" (ikozvino iri kuyerera kuburikidza nedunhu) uye "Kudzima" (ikozvino haisi kuyerera nemudunhu).
A 5-pini relay chinhu chakanyanya kuomarara chinogona kushandura maseketi maviri kamwechete.Kune marudzi maviri emhando iyi yerelay:
● Nekuchinja kweimwe chete yemasekete maviri;
● Nekuchinja kwakafanana kwemaseketi maviri.
Mumidziyo yemhando yekutanga, vanobatika vane zvinotevera chinangwa:
● Mabhii maviri edunhu rekutonga - sezvakaitika kare, akabatanidzwa kune mhepo ye electromagnet;
● Matatu matatu ekubatika kweiyo switched circuit.Pano, pini imwe yakagovaniswa, uye mamwe maviri akabatanidzwa kumatunhu anodzorwa.Mune relay yakadai, vanobatika vari mumatunhu maviri - imwe inowanzovharwa (NC), yechipiri inowanzovhurika (HP).Panguva yekushanda kweiyo relay, kuchinja pakati pemasekete maviri kunoitwa.
Ina-pini yemotokari relay
Mumidziyo yemhando yechipiri, vese vanobatika vari muHP state, saka kana relay ikamutswa, ese ari maviri akachinja maseketi anobva avhurwa kana kudzima.
Relays inogona kunge iine chimwe chinhu - chinopindira-kudzvanya (kudzima) resistor kana semiconductor diode yakaiswa parallel kumhepo yemagetsi emagetsi.Iyi resistor / diode inodzikamisa yega-induction ikozvino yemagetsi emagetsi emhepo kana uchiisa uye uchibvisa voltage kubva pairi, izvo zvinoderedza mwero wekukanganiswa kwemagetsi kunogadzirwa nayo.Kudzoreredza kwakadaro ndekwekushandisa kushoma pakushandura mamwe maseketi emagetsi emagetsi system, asi kazhinji anogona kutsiviwa neakajairwa relays pasina mhedzisiro yakaipa.
Mhando dzese dzerelay dzinogona kuiswa munzira mbiri:
● Kuiswa chete mubhokisi rekuvhara - chigadziro chinobatwa nemasimba anokakavadzana evanoshamwaridzana mumasokisi epadhi;
● Kuiswa mu-counter block nekugadzirisa nebhakiti - purasitiki kana simbi yesimbi ye screw inogadzirwa pane relay relay.
Zvishandiso zverudzi rwekutanga zvakaiswa mumabhokisi erelay uye fuse, anodzivirirwa kubva pakudonha nevhavha kana akakosha mabhanhire.Zvishandiso zverudzi rwechipiri zvakagadzirirwa kuiswa mukamuri yejini kana mune imwe nzvimbo yemotokari kunze kweyuniti, kuvimbika kwekuiswa kunopiwa nebhureki.
Electromagnetic relays aripo kune magetsi ekupa 12 uye 24 V, maitiro avo makuru ndeaya:
● Actuation voltage (kazhinji zvishoma zvishoma zvishoma pasi pemagetsi ekupa);
● Kusunungura magetsi (kazhinji 3 kana kupfuura volts zvishoma pane actuation voltage);
● Iyo yakawanda yemazuva ano mumutambo wakashandurwa (inogona kubva pazvikamu kusvika kune makumi emamperes);
● Ikozvino mumutambo wekutonga;
● Kurwisana kunoshanda kwemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi (kazhinji haapfuuri 100 ohms).
Relay uye fuse bhokisi
Mamwe maitiro (magetsi ekupa, dzimwe nguva mafungu) anoiswa kune relay imba, kana chikamu chekumaka kwayo.Uyewo pachiitiko chacho pane dhiyabhorosi dhiyabhorosi relay uye chinangwa chezviteshi zvayo (munguva dzakawanda, nhamba dzepini dzinoenderana nenhamba maererano nechirongwa chechirongwa chemagetsi emagetsi emotokari chaiyo inoratidzwawo).Izvi zvinogonesa zvakanyanya kusarudzwa uye kutsiva kwemagetsi emagetsi mumotokari.
Maitiro ekusarudza uye kutsiva electromagnetic relay
Mota relays inoiswa pasi pekuremerwa kwemagetsi uye mechanical, saka ivo vanokundikana nguva nenguva.Kuparara kweiyo relay kunoratidzwa nekutadza kwechero mudziyo kana maseketi eiyo mota yemagetsi system.Kuti ubvise kusashanda, relay inofanira kubviswa uye kuongororwa (zvichida neohmmeter kana probe), uye kana kuparara kwaonekwa, kuchitsiva neimwe itsva.
Iyo itsva relay inofanirwa kunge iri yemhando imwechete uye modhi sezvakamboshandiswa.Chishandiso chacho chinofanira kunge chakakodzera maererano nemagetsi maitiro (simba rekupa, actuation uye kuburitsa voltage, ikozvino mune inochinja wedunhu) uye nhamba yevanobatika.Kana pakanga paine resistor kana diode mune yekare relay, zvino zvinodikanwa kuti ivo varipo mune itsva.Relay kutsiva kunoitwa nekungobvisa chikamu chekare uye nekuisa imwe nyowani panzvimbo yayo;Kana bhuraketi rakapihwa, ipapo screw / bhaudhi imwe inofanira kusunungurwa uye kusimbiswa.Nechisarudzo chakakodzera uye kutsiva relay, midziyo yemagetsi yemotokari ichabva yatanga kushanda
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-14-2023