Shafts inobuda muzvikamu zvekutapurirana uye dzimwe nzira dzemotokari dzinogona kukonzera kuvuza uye kusvibiswa kwemafuta - dambudziko iri rinogadziriswa nekuisa zvisimbiso zvemafuta.Verenga zvese nezvezvisimbiso zvekutyaira, kurongeka kwavo, dhizaini uye kushanda, pamwe nesarudzo chaiyo uye kutsiva zvisimbiso muchinyorwa.
Chii chinonzi drive oil seal?
Dhiraivha mafuta chisimbiso (cuff) - chinhu chekuisa chisimbiso chezvikamu zvakasiyana uye masisitimu emotokari;chikamu chemhete chinoumbwa chinovimbisa kuiswa chisimbiso kweshafts, mabhengi uye zvimwe zvikamu zvinotenderera panzvimbo dzekubuda kwavo kubva mumuviri weyuniti.
Mumotokari chero ipi zvayo, tarakita nemimwe midziyo kune zvikamu uye michina, kubva mumuviri iyo inotenderera shafts inobuda - gearboxes, gearboxes, fan drives nevamwe.Kazhinji pane mafuta kana mamwe mafuta mukati mezvikamu izvi, uye gomba reshaft rinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa uye kusvibiswa kwemafuta.Dambudziko rekuisa chisimbiso chekubuda kwekutenderera shafts kunze kwedzimba dzemayuniti inogadziriswa nekubatsirwa kwezvinhu zvakakosha zvekuvhara - zvisimbiso (cuffs) zvekutyaira.
Iyo drive oil seal inoita akati wandei mabasa:
● Kudzivirira kubuda kwemafuta uye kurasikirwa kweimwe lubricant kubva mumuviri weyuniti kana michina;
● Kudzivirirwa kwechigadziriso kubva mumvura, guruva uye kusvibiswa kukuru;
● Kudzivirirwa kwemafuta kubva pakusvibiswa nemhepo uye mamwe magasi.
Kutyorwa kwekuvimbika kana kurasikirwa kwechisimbiso chemafuta kunotungamira mukudonha kwakanyanya kwemafuta uye kusvibiswa kwayo, izvo munguva pfupi iri kutevera zvinogona kukonzera kuparara kwechikamu chose.Kuti udzivise izvi, chisimbiso chekare kana chisimbiso chekutyaira chinokanganisa chinofanira kutsiviwa nenguva.Nekusarudzwa kwakaringana nekutsiviwa kwezvinhu zvekuisa chisimbiso, zvinodikanwa kuti unzwisise marudzi avo aripo, dhizaini uye kushanda.
Yakajairika drive seal dhizaini
Mhando, dhizaini uye maficha ekutyaira zvisimbiso
Ese zvisimbiso zvemafuta anogadzirwa muchimiro chemhete ine U-yakaita chimiro, umo matatu maficha anobuda pachena:
● Mukati kana kushanda - inosanganisira mitsetse yekushanda, iyi pamusoro pechisimbiso chemafuta inogara pa shaft;
● Kunze - yakatsetseka kana grooved, iyi pamusoro pechisimbiso chemafuta inosangana nemuviri wechikwata;
● Kupera - kazhinji kwakadzika, nzvimbo iyi inofanana nemuviri wechikwata.
Iyo cuff inoisirwa pachigaro mumuviri weyuniti (oiri chisimbiso bhokisi) uye inozorora pashaft, nekuda kwedhizaini, kusungirira kwayo kwakasimba kumuviri uye shaft inovimbiswa, iyo inowana chisimbiso.
Oiri zvisimbiso zvakakamurwa kuva marudzi akati wandei zvichienderana nekuvapo / kusavapo kwezvinhu zvakasiyana siyana uye maficha ebasa.
Chekutanga, zvisimbiso zvemafuta zvakakamurwa kuva marudzi maviri nemagadzirirwo:
● Frameless;
● Nekusimbisa furemu.
Kwete-yakasimbiswa chisimbiso dhizaini nechitubu
Kuvaka uye zviyero zvekutanga zvechisimbiso chemafuta chakasimbiswa nechitubu
Mafuta zvisimbiso zvemhando yekutanga zvinogadzirwa nenzira ye elastic ring ye synthetic rubber, pamusoro pemukati iyo iyo mitsetse yekushanda inoumbwa.Seyakajairwa, mipendero miviri inoshanda inopihwa muzvisimbiso zvemafuta - pamberi uye kumashure, asi nhamba yavo inogona kusvika ina.Mukati memhete mune chitubu checoil chakamoneredzwa chakamonerwa mumhete, icho chinopa kusungirirwa kwakasimba kwechisimbiso chemafuta kune shaft.
Zvisimbiso zvemhando yechipiri zvakanyanya kuoma - mukati memhete kune simbi inosimbisa furemu yeimwe fomu kana imwe.Kazhinji kazhinji, furemu ine yakatwasuka (ndiro yakakungurutswa mumhete) kana L-yakaita chimiro, asi pane zvisimbiso zvemafuta zvine mafuremu eiyo yakanyanya kuoma chimiro.Kana zvisina kudaro, zvikamu zvakasimbiswa zvakafanana neasina kusimbiswa.
Oiri zvisimbiso zvine reinforcing frame zvakakamurwa kuita matatu zvimiro mhando:
● Nefuremu yakavharwa;
● Nefuremu yakafumurwa zvishoma;
● Nefuremu isina chinhu.
Mukugadzirwa kwerudzi rwekutanga, chigadziko chinowanikwa zvachose mukati memhete yerabha yechisimbiso chemafuta, kana mhete inovhara zvachose kunze kwekunze kwechimiro.Muchiitiko chechipiri, mhete inovhara kuguma uye chikamu chekunze kwechimiro, uye muchiitiko chechitatu, chimiro chinenge chakanyatsozaruka.Zvisimbiso zvine chikamu uye zvachose chisina kusimba chekusimbisa chinowedzera zvakanyanya kugadzika pachigaro chavo, sezvo ichizorora pamutumbi wesimbi weyuniti ine mhete yesimbi.Kunyange zvazvo zvisimbiso zvakadaro zvinopa chisimbiso chakaipisisa, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive zvakakosha kushandisa sealants kana zvimwe zvikamu.
Iyo elastic mhete yemarudzi ese ezvisimbiso zvemafuta anogona kugadzirwa emhando dzakasiyana dzesynthetic rubber - acrylate, fluoro rubber, butadiene-nitrile, silicone (organosilicon) nevamwe.Zvinhu izvi zvine kusaenzana kupikisa kutonhora kwepamusoro uye kwakaderera uye mafuta ekuzora, asi iwo ane anenge akafanana coefficients ekukweshera pasimbi uye mechanical simba.
Dhiraivha zvisimbiso zvinogona kuve nezvimwe zvakasiyana zvekuwedzera zvinhu:
● Anther chinhu chiduku chiri mberi kwerin'i chinodzivirira kusvibiswa kukuru (matombo, shinda, machipisi, nezvimwewo) kuti zvisapinde pachisimbiso chemafuta.Iyo anther inogona kudzvanywa kurwisa shaft nekuda kweiyo elasticity kana nerubatsiro rwechimwe chitubu chakakomberedzwa;
● Grooving yekunze kwekunze - grooving yechimiro chakareruka kana chakaoma, iyo inovandudza kukodzera kwechisimbiso chemafuta uye inodzivirira kubuda kwemafuta pakumhanya kukuru uye kana kutonhora kuchikwira;
● Hydrodynamic knurling uye notches pamusoro yemukati (kushanda) pamusoro.Dashed notches inoiswa pane imwe kona kune axis yechisimbiso chemafuta, kudzivirira kubuda kwemafuta pakumhanya kwakakwira shaft.Notches inogona kuitwa pamusoro penzvimbo yese yemukati, kana muchimiro chemhete dzinoverengeka panzvimbo yekushanda uye mipendero yekushanda.
Zvisimbiso zvemafuta zvakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri munzira yekutenderera shaft:
● Kumashafts ane nzira inogara ichitenderera;
● Kumashafts ane reversible rotation.
Zvisimbiso zvezvinangwa zvakasiyana zvakasiyana mumhando yeknurling kana notches panzvimbo yekushanda.Mune zvisimbiso zvemafuta zvemashafts ane nzira inogara ichitenderera, iyo knurling inogadzirwa nenzira yekucheka yakananga kune rumwe rutivi, saka zvikamu zvakadaro zvine "kurudyi" uye "kuruboshwe" knurlings (notches).Mune inodzokororwa omentums, iyo notch ine zigzag kana yakanyanya kuoma muchimiro.
Cassette gland design
Chekupedzisira, zvisimbiso zvekutyaira ndezvemhando mbiri maererano nedziviriro:
● Zvakajairika (zvakajairika);
● Kaseti.
Zvisimbiso zvemafuta zvakajairika zvine dhizaini yakatsanangurwa pamusoro.Zvisimbiso zvekaseti zvinogadzirwa nenzira yezvindori zviviri zvakaiswa imwe mune imwe (mhete yekunze inogara pamuviri weyuniti uye inozorora pashaft, mhete yemukati inozorora kunze uye zvishoma inozorora pane shaft) - dhizaini iyi inomira. akakosha ma mechanical mitoro uye inopa kudzivirirwa kuri nani kubva pakupinda kwezvinosvibisa.Makaseti seals anoshandiswa pamayuniti anoshanda mumamiriro ekuwedzera guruva uye kusvibiswa.
Mukupedzisa, tinoona kuti mumotokari, matirakita nemimwe midziyo, zvisimbiso zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshandiswa kune chinangwa chavo: semi-axles yemavhiri, gearbox shafts uye gearboxes, fan drive shafts nevamwe.Asi iyo yakawanda yezvikamu zviri mukutakura, iyo yavakawana zita ravo.
Maitiro ekusarudza uye kutsiva drive mafuta chisimbiso
Dhiraivha zvisimbiso zvinosangana nemitoro yakakosha, iyo nekufamba kwenguva inotungamira mukupfeka, kukuvara kana kuparadzwa zvachose kwechisimbiso.Kana kubuda kwemafuta kuchionekwa, chisimbiso chemafuta chinofanira kutsiviwa, zvikasadaro kushandiswa kwemafuta kuchawedzera uye njodzi yekusvibiswa kwayo ichawedzera, iyo kazhinji inowedzera kusimba kwekupfeka kwezvikamu zveyuniti.Zvakare, zvisimbiso zvemafuta zvinofanirwa kushandurwa pakuvandudzwa kwezviwanikwa - nguva yekutsiva inowanzo ratidzwa nemugadziri weyuniti.
Idzo chete mhando nemhando dzezvisimbiso zveoiri dzakamboiswa uye dzakakurudzirwa nemugadziri weiyo michina (inotemerwa nenhamba yechikamu mukatalogi yekutanga) ndiyo inofanirwa kushandiswa kutsiva.Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvinotenderwa kutendeukira kune zvinotsiva, asi izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa nekuchenjerera uye tichifunga nezvezvakasarudzika zvecuffs nekuda kwezvinangwa zvakasiyana.Semuenzaniso, zvisimbiso zvema semi-axles emaaxles ekutyaira anofanirwa kuve neinodzoreredzwa notch (knurling), zvikasadaro munguva pfupi mushure mekuiswa kwavo pachave nekudonha kwemafuta mune mamwe madhiraivha modhi kana kudonha nguva dzose nekuda kwekusashanda zvakanaka kwechisimbiso.Kune rumwe rutivi, hazvina musoro kuisa cuff inodzoserwa pane fan, sezvo shaft yakavharwa inogara ichitenderera munzira imwe.
Kutsiviwa kwezvisimbiso zvekutyaira kunofanirwa kuitwa zvinoenderana nemirairo yekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa mota.Iri basa rinogona kuda disassembly yakakosha yeyuniti yakagadziriswa, saka zviri nani kuvimba nayo kune nyanzvi.Paunenge uchitsiva chisimbiso iwe pachako, zvinodikanwa kunyatso kuomerera kune zvinokurudzirwa zvinopihwa mumirayiridzo, kana zvisina kudaro kune njodzi yakakura yekukuvadza chikamu kana kuiisa zvisizvo.Kucherekedza cuff yekare kunogona kuitwa neyakajairwa screwdriver kana chimwe chinhu chakanongedza, asi izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa nekungwarira kuti zvisakuvadza nzvimbo dzekesi uye shaft.Kuiswa kwechisimbiso chitsva zviri nani kuita nerubatsiro rwemandrel anokosha anovimbisa kunyura kweyunifomu kwechisimbiso chemafuta mubhokisi remafuta.Usati waiswa, cuff inozorwa ne lubricant.Mumamiriro ezvinhu apo chisimbiso chine chisimbiso chisina kana kuti chikamu chekusimudzira chinoshandiswa chinoshandiswa, zvakakosha kubata nzvimbo yekubatana kwechimiro nemuviri wechikwata nechisimbiso.Mushure mekuita basa, zvakakosha kuwedzera mafuta kune crankcase yeyuniti.
Nekusarudzwa kwakaringana nekutsiviwa kwechisimbiso chekutyaira, iyo unit ichaita mabasa ayo nekuvimbika, basa rayo harizovhiringidzwa nekudonha uye kusvibiswa kwemafuta mune chero mamiriro ekushanda.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-06-2023