Crankshaft pulley: yakavimbika dhiraivha yeinjini masisitimu uye magungano

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n chero injini inopisa mukati, iyo huru uye nzira dzekubatsira dzinodzingwa kubva ku crankshaft uchishandisa pulley uye bhanhire.Verenga pamusoro pekuti crankshaft pulley chii, ndeapi marudzi ayo aripo, mashandisiro aanoita uye anoshanda, pamwe nekutsiva nekugadzirisa pulley muchinyorwa chakarongwa.

 

Chinangwa uye basa re crankshaft pulley

Chero injini yekupisa yemukati ine akati wandei masisitimu anoda sosi yemagetsi simba kuti ishande.Masisitimu akadaro anosanganisira gasi rekugovera mashandiro, lubrication uye kutonhora masisitimu, maitirwo emagetsi ekubata ane breaker-distributor, mafuta ekupa masisitimu uye nezvimwe.Iko kunobva simba kune ese aya masisitimu ndeye crankshaft - kubva mairi iyo chikamu che torque inotorwa, iyo inoshandiswa kutyaira shafts, pombi, jenareta uye mamwe mayunitsi.Panguva imwecheteyo, madhiraivha akati wandei anoshandiswa muinjini: bhandi renguva kana cheni dhiraivha uye giya dhiraivha yezvikamu.Pano isu tichatarisa chete mabhandi anotyaira, ayo anosanganisira crankshaft pulley.

Iyo crankshaft pulley chikamu chenguva yebhandi dhiraivha uye dzimwe nzira dzekubatsira dzeinjini dzinopisa dzemukati (zvese peturu nedhiziri).Iyo pulley iri pachigunwe (kureva, kumberi) kwe crankshaft, inoshandiswa kutyaira camshaft (kana shafts), pamwe nenhamba yezvikamu - pombi yemvura (pombi), jenareta, a. pombi yekutungamirira simba, fan yekutonhodza, air conditioning compressor, pneumatic compressor nezvimwe.

Zvakare, iyo crankshaft pulley inogona kuita maviri ebetsero mabasa:

-Kutsvaga iyo angular velocity uye chinzvimbo che crankshaft uchishandisa iyo yakakodzera sensor;
-Kudonhedza kwekudengenyeka kunoitika panguva yekutanga injini / kumira uye nemamiriro enguva pfupi.

Kazhinji, crankshaft pulley, pasinei nekureruka kwayo uye kusaonekwa, chikamu chinokosha cheinjini yemazuva ano.Nhasi, kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvikamu izvi, uye zvose zvinogadzirisa matambudziko akasiyana.

 

Mhando uye dhizaini maficha e crankshaft pulleys

Injini dzinoshandisa marudzi maviri makuru e crankshaft pulleys, ayo akasiyana mukugadzira uye chinangwa:

- Brook pulleys yeV-belt kutapurirana;
- Toothed pulleys yebhandi rine mazino.

Brook pulleys mhinduro yemhando yepamusoro yakashandiswa painjini dzinopisa mukati kubva pakuvambwa kwavo.Kunze kwekunze kwepulley yakadaro kune imwe kana kupfuura nzizi dzakafanana neV, dzinosanganisira bhanhire rechimiro chakakodzera (V-shaped kana V-rib).Mapulleys akadaro anoshandiswa chete muV-belt transmissions, umo pasina chikonzero chekunyatsoiswa kwe crankshaft uye zvikamu zvine hukama kune mumwe nemumwe.Magiya akadai anosanganisira kutyaira kwepombi yemvura, jenareta, air conditioning compressor, air compressor, fan uye nguva pombi.

Toothed pulleys mhinduro yemazuva ano yakashandiswa painjini kwemakumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu emakore apfuura.Mapulley akadaro anoshandiswa mumagiya ane mabhanhire enguva, ayo anotsiva iyo timeing chain drive.Iwo toothed pulleys e crankshaft uye mayunitsi uye bhandi renguva rinovabatanidza rinovimbisa imwe nzvimbo yezvikamu zvine hukama kune mumwe nemumwe.Muzviitiko zvakawanda, iyo toothed pulley inoshandiswa kutyaira nguva uye pombi yemvura, uye dhiraivha yezvikamu zvakasara inoitwa neyakasiyana V-belt transmission.

Kune zvakare akasanganiswa pulleys, ari chimiro chemazino uye wedge (kana V-ribbed) pulleys.Mapulley akadaro anoshandiswa kutyaira nguva uye akati wandei ebetsero zvikamu zvejini.Panogona kunge paine akati wandei (kusvika mana) wedge/V-ribbed pulleys mune iyi dhizaini.

Mapulleys ese aya akakamurwa kuva marudzi maviri nemagadzirirwo:

- Imwe-chidimbu / milled;
- Composite yakanyoroveswa.

Mapulley emhando yekutanga zvikamu zvakasimba zvakakandwa kana kuvezwa kubva pachidimbu chesimbi (simbi yakakandwa kana simbi).Mapulley akadai ndiwo akareruka uye akachipa, asi anoendesa kumayuniti ese mavibrations anoitika kana crankshaft ichitenderera.

Mapulleys emhando yechipiri akaumbwa, anosanganisira hubhu uye mhete yakabatanidzwa kuburikidza nemhete yerabha.Nekuda kwekuvapo kwemhete yerabha, hubhu nekorona zvakaparadzaniswa, saka kudengenyeka uye kudengenyeka kunoitika panguva yekutenderera kwe crankshaft kunodzikiswa.Mapulleys akadaro anorema, akaoma kunzwisisa uye anodhura, asi izvi zvinobhadhara nekuvimbika zviri nani uye kusimba kwebhanhire rose.

Zvakare, pulleys yakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri zvichienderana nerudzi rwekutsanya:

- Kutsanya nepakati bhaudhi uye kiyi;
-Kutsanya nemabhaudhi akati wandei (2-6).

Mune injini dzemazuva ano, crankshaft pulley, kunyanya kana iri nguva yebhandi dhiraivha, inowanzoiswa pabhaudhi rimwe chete, uye inochengetedzwa kubva pakutendeuka nekiyi.Mapulley ekubatsira anogona kusungirirwa nemabhaudhi akati wandei, uye kuisirwa kunoitwa pahubhu, ingave kuenderera mberi kweiyo timing chain drive sprocket, kana kukandwa pachigunwe che crankshaft, kana iri chikamu chakazvimirira chine keyway kusungirira pane. chigunwe chemugoti.

Pamapulley einjini dzemazuva ano, kuwedzera kune hova kana mazino pasi pebhandi, giya remhete rinogona kugadzirwa rekushanda kwe crankshaft position sensor (DPKV).Korona ndiyo inonzi master disc ye crankshaft sensor, inogona kuumbwa pamwe chete nepulley, kana inogona kuitwa sechikamu chakasiyana ne bolting.

Chero crankshaft pulley iri kuenzanisa panguva yekugadzira kubvisa kuzunguzika uye kurova.Kuti abvise simbi yakawandisa, madiki madiki anodonhedzwa mupulley.

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Nyaya dzekutsiva uye kugadzirisa kwe crankshaft pulley

Iyo crankshaft pulley chikamu chakavimbika uye chakasimba, asi nekufamba kwenguva, chinogona kukuvara nekutadza.Kana kupfeka kwepulley yemazino kuchionekwa, pamwe chete nechiitiko chekutsemuka, kuputsika, kukanganisa uye kumwe kukanganisa, pulley inofanira kubviswa uye kutsiviwa neimwe itsva.Kubvisa pulley kunogonawo kudiwa paunenge uchiita basa rekugadzirisa injini.

Maitiro ekutsiva crankshaft pulley zvinoenderana nerudzi rwekunamatira kwayo.Nzira iri nyore ndeyekubvisa pulley pamabhoti - kungosunungura mabhoti, uchigadzirisa crankshaft, uchidzivirira kubva pakutendeuka.Kubvisa pulley ine mazino pane imwe bhaudhi kwakatonyanya kuomarara uye kazhinji kunotaridzika seizvi:

1.Gadzirisa motokari nekuisa zvimiso pasi pemavhiri, munyaya yejini yepetroli, bvisa chibatanidza kubva pamoto wemoto (kuitira kuti mutangi atendeuke, asi injini isati yatanga), munyaya yejini injini, bvisa chibatanidza kubva pavhavha yemafuta yepombi yejojo;
2.Bata bhoti nenzira ipi zvayo inobatsira kubvarura zvigadziro kubva panzvimbo pasina kuiputsa;
3.Isa kiyi ine mubato wakareba pabhoti, inofanira kusvika pasi, kana kuwedzera kushandisa pombi;
4.Shandura injini neyekutanga - munyaya iyi, bhoti inofanira kutendeuka.Kana ikasashanda kekutanga, unogona kudzokorora;
5.Bvisa bhaudhi;
6.Kushandisa chidhori chakakosha, bvisa pulley kubva pachigunwe che crankshaft.

Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kuwana pulley mumotokari dzine injini refu, zviri nani kushandisa gomba rekuongorora, uye mumotokari dzine injini inotenderera, vhiri rekurudyi rinofanira kubviswa.

Paunenge uchityora bhaudhi, kutarisirwa kunofanirwa kutorwa - inopindirwa mukati nekuedza kukuru, saka njodzi yekutyoka kwayo yakanyanya.Inokurudzirwa kubvisa pulley kubva ku crankshaft uchishandisa yakakosha yekudhonza, kunyange iwe unogona kushandisa nyore kukwira blade, asi munyaya iyi iwe unofanirawo kungwarira.Mamwe mapulley ane maburi akaiswa maburi mauri iwe unogona kupinza mabhaudhi uye kubvisa pulley.Zvisinei, munyaya iyi, pepa resimbi rinofanira kuiswa pasi pemabhaudhi akaputika, sezvo bhoti inogona kupinza nepakati pemadziro ejini injini kana zvimwe zvikamu zviri pasi payo.

Kuiswa kwe crankshaft pulley kunoitwa mune reverse order.Zvisinei, panogona kuva nekuoma, sezvo pulley yakanyatsoiswa pamunwe we crankshaft, iyo inoda kushanda nesimba kwakawanda.Nzvimbo yekumhara yepulley inogona kurapwa negirizi kuti ifambise kuiswa kwayo.

Nekutsiva kwakaringana kwe crankshaft pulley, ese ejini mayuniti anozoshanda zvakajairika, kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakavimbika kweiyo yese simba unit.


Nguva yekutumira: Aug-27-2023