Mune chero yemazuva ano magetsi unit, pane nguva dzose ine crankshaft chinzvimbo sensor, pahwaro hweiyo yekudzima uye majekiseni emafuta anovakwa.Verenga zvese nezve crankshaft chinzvimbo sensors, marudzi adzo, dhizaini uye mashandiro, pamwe nesarudzo chaiyo uye kutsiva kwezvishandiso izvi muchinyorwa.
Chinangwa uye nzvimbo ye crankshaft chinzvimbo sensor muinjini
Crankshaft position sensor (DPKV, synchronization sensor, reference start sensor) - chikamu chemagetsi ekugadzirisa ejini inopisa mukati;Sensor inotarisisa maitiro eiyo crankshaft (chinzvimbo, kumhanya), uye inovimbisa kushanda kweiyo huru masisitimu emagetsi unit (kupisa, simba, gasi kugovera, nezvimwewo).
Injini dzemazuva ano dzinopisa mukati memhando dzese dzemhando dzakawanda dzakashongedzerwa nemagetsi ekudzora masisitimu, ayo anotora zvakakwana kushanda kweiyo unit mune ese modes.Nzvimbo inonyanya kukosha mumasisitimu akadaro inogarwa nema sensors - akakosha maturusi anoteedzera mamwe maitiro emota, uye kuendesa data kune yemagetsi control unit (ECU).Mamwe ma sensor akakosha pakushanda kwesimba remagetsi, kusanganisira crankshaft chinzvimbo sensor.
DPKV inoyera paramende imwe - chinzvimbo che crankshaft pane imwe neimwe nzvimbo nenguva.Kubva pane data yakawanikwa, kumhanya kwe shaft uye angular velocity inotarwa.Kugamuchira ruzivo urwu, ECU inogadzirisa huwandu hwakawanda hwemabasa:
● Kutsunga kweTDC (kana TDC) nguva yepiston yekutanga uye / kana yechina cylinders;
● Kudzora kwegadziriro yejojo yemafuta - kutsunga kwechinguva chejekiseni uye nguva yejekiseni;
● Ignition system control - kutsunga kwechinguva chekudzima mune imwe silinda;
● Kudzora kweiyo variable valve timing system;
● Kudzora kwekushanda kwezvikamu zvehuni vapor recovery system;
● Kudzora uye kugadziriswa kwekushanda kwemamwe maitiro ane chokuita nejini.
Saka, DPKV inovimbisa kushanda kwakajairika kwesimba remagetsi, kunyatsoona kushanda kweayo maviri masisitimu makuru - kupisa (chete muinjini dzepeturu) uye jekiseni remafuta (mumajekiseni uye dizeli injini).Zvakare, iyo sensor yakave yakanakira kudzora mamwe mota masisitimu, iyo mashandiro ayo ari zvakananga kana zvisina kunanga kuwiriraniswa nenzvimbo uye kumhanya kweshaft.Sensor yakashata inogona kukanganisa zvachose kushanda kweinjini, saka inofanira kutsiviwa.Asi usati watenga DPKV nyowani, unofanirwa kunzwisisa mhando dzemidziyo iyi, magadzirirwo uye mashandisirwo ayo.
Mhando, dhizaini uye musimboti wekushanda kweDPKV
Pasinei nerudzi uye dhizaini, crankshaft position sensors ine zvikamu zviviri:
● Sensor yenzvimbo;
● The master disk (sync disk, sync disk).
DPKV inoiswa mupurasitiki kana aluminium kesi, iyo inosungirirwa nenzira yebhuraketi pedyo ne master disk.Iyo sensor ine yakajairwa yemagetsi yekubatanidza kune mota yemagetsi sisitimu, iyo yekubatanidza inogona kuwanikwa zvese pa sensor body uye pane yayo tambo yehurefu hupfupi.Iyo sensor inogadziriswa painjini block kana pane yakakosha bracket, inowanikwa yakatarisana ne master disc uye mukuita basa inoverenga mazino ayo.
Crankshaft chinzvimbo sensor pane akasiyana injini
Iyo master disc ipulley kana vhiri, padivi peiyo periphery pane mazino eiyo square profile.Iyo dhisiki yakatsiga yakagadzikwa pane crankshaft pulley kana yakananga pachigunwe chayo, iyo inovimbisa kutenderera kwezvikamu zvese zvine frequency yakafanana.
Kushanda kwe sensor kunogona kuve kwakavakirwa pane akasiyana siyana emuviri zviitiko uye mhedzisiro, yakanyanya kupararira michina yemhando nhatu:
● Inductive (kana magnetic);
● Kubva pakuita kweHoro;
● Optical (chiedza).
Imwe neimwe yemhando ye sensor ine yayo yekugadzira maficha uye musimboti wekushanda.
Inductive (magnetic) DPKV.Pamwoyo wemudziyo pane magnetic core yakaiswa mumhepo inoputika (coil).Iko kushanda kwe sensor kunoenderana nemhedzisiro ye electromagnetic induction.Pakuzorora, iyo magnetic field mu sensor inogara iripo uye hapana ikozvino mumhepo yayo.Kana zino resimbi re master disk richipfuura pedyo nemagnetic core, iyo magnetic field yakakomberedza musimboti inoshanduka kamwe kamwe, izvo zvinotungamirira mukuiswa kwezvino mumhepo.Kana iyo disc ichitenderera, kuchinjika ikozvino kweimwe frequency kunoitika pakubuda kwe sensor, iyo inoshandiswa neECU kuona kumhanya kwe crankshaft nenzvimbo yayo.
Iyi ndiyo yakapfava sensor dhizaini, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pamhando dzese dzeinjini.Kubatsira kwemidziyo yerudzi urwu ndiko kushanda kwavo pasina magetsi - izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kuvabatanidza netambo imwe chete yewaya zvakananga kune control unit.
Hall effect sensor.Iyo sensor yakavakirwa pane mhedzisiro yakawanikwa neAmerican physicist Edwin Hall angangoita zana nehafu apfuura: kana ikozvino ichipfuura nepamativi maviri akapesana esimbi yakatetepa ndiro yakaiswa mune inogara ichiita magineti, voltage inoonekwa kune mamwe mativi ayo maviri.Masensa emazuva ano erudzi urwu akavakirwa pahunyanzvi Horo machipisi akaiswa mukesi ine magineti cores, uye master disks avo ane mazino ane magnetized.Iyo sensor inoshanda zviri nyore: pakuzorora, pane zero voltage pakubuda kwe sensor, kana zino remagnetized richipfuura, voltage inoonekwa pane inobuda.Sezvakaitika kare, kana master disk inotenderera, inoshandura ikozvino inomuka pakubuda kweDPKV, iyo inopiwa kuECU.
Inductive crankshaft chinzvimbo sensor
Iyi inzwa yakanyanya kuoma, iyo, zvisinei, inopa yakakwirira kuyerwa kurongeka pamusoro peiyo crankshaft yekumhanyisa renji.Zvakare, iyo Imba sensor inoda yakaparadzana magetsi ekushanda, saka yakabatana netambo nhatu kana ina.
Optical sensors.Nheyo ye sensor ndiyo peya yemwenje sosi uye inogamuchira (LED uye photodiode), mune gap pakati payo pane mazino kana maburi e master disk.Iyo sensor inoshanda zviri nyore: dhisiki, kana ichitenderera panguva dzakasiyana, inodarika iyo LED, semugumisiro weiyo pulsed ikozvino inoumbwa pakubuda kweiyo photodiode - inoshandiswa neiyo yemagetsi unit yekuyera.
Parizvino, optical sensors ndeyekushandiswa kushoma, nekuda kwemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma ekushanda kwavo muinjini - guruva rakawanda, mukana weutsi, kusvibiswa nezvinwiwa, tsvina yemumugwagwa, nezvimwe.
Standardized master disks anoshandiswa kushanda nemasensor.Dhisiki rakadaro rakakamurwa kuita mazino makumi matanhatu anowanikwa ese madhigirii matanhatu, nepo mune imwe nzvimbo yedhisiki pasina mazino maviri (sync disc type 60-2) - iyi kupasa ndiko kutanga kwekutenderera kwe crankshaft uye inovimbisa kuwiriranisa kwe sensor, ECU uye yakabatana masisitimu.Kazhinji, zino rekutanga mushure mekusvetuka rinoenderana nenzvimbo yepiston yekutanga kana yekupedzisira silinda paTDC kana TDC.Kune zvakare madhisiki ane maskips maviri emazino ari pakona ye180 madhigirii kune mumwe nemumwe (sync disc mhando 60-2-2), madhisiki akadaro anoshandiswa pane mamwe marudzi emagetsi edhiziri.
Iwo master discs e inductive sensors anogadzirwa nesimbi, dzimwe nguva panguva imwechete se crankshaft pulley.Madhisiki eHoro sensors anowanzo kugadzirwa epurasitiki, uye magineti echigarire ari mumazino avo.
Mukupedzisa, tinocherechedza kuti DPKV inowanzoshandiswa zvose pa crankshaft uye pa camshaft, mune yekupedzisira, inoshandiswa kutarisa nzvimbo uye kukurumidza kwe camshaft uye kugadzirisa kushanda kwegasi rekugovera gasi.
Kuiswa kwe inductive type DPKV uye master disk
Maitiro ekusarudza uye kutsiva crankshaft sensor nenzira kwayo
DPKV inobata basa rakakosha mumotokari, kusashanda zvakanaka kwe sensor kunotungamira mukudzikira kwakanyanya mukushanda kweinjini (yakaoma kutanga, kusagadzikana kushanda, kuderera kwesimba maitiro, detonation, nezvimwewo).Uye mune dzimwe nguva, kana DPKV ikakundikana, injini inova isingashandi zvachose (sezvinoratidzwa neCheck Engine signal).Kana paine matambudziko akatsanangurwa nekushanda kweinjini, saka iwe unofanirwa kutarisa iyo crankshaft sensor, uye kana ikasashanda zvakanaka, ita chinotsiva.
Kutanga, iwe unofanirwa kuongorora sensor, tarisa kutendeseka kwemuviri wayo, chinongedzo uye waya.Iyo inductive sensor inogona kuongororwa ne tester - inokwana kuyera kushorwa kwemhepo, iyo iyo inoshanda sensor ine muhuwandu hwe 0.6-1.0 kOhm.Iyo Hall sensor haigone kutariswa nenzira iyi, kuongororwa kwayo kunogona kuitwa chete pane yakakosha michina.Asi nzira iri nyore ndeyokuisa sensor itsva, uye kana injini inotanga, ipapo dambudziko rakanga riri mukusashanda kwekare DPKV.
Kutsiva, iwe unofanirwa kusarudza sensor chete yemhando iyo yakaiswa pamotokari uye yakakurudzirwa neautomaker.Sensors yeimwe modhi inogona kusakwana munzvimbo kana kuita zvikanganiso zvakakura muzviyero, uye, semhedzisiro, kukanganisa kushanda kwemota.DPKV inofanira kuchinjwa maererano nemirairo yekugadzirisa motokari.Kazhinji, zvinokwana kudzima chibatanidza chemagetsi, kusunungura imwe kana maviri screws / mabhaudhi, bvisa sensor uye isa imwe nyowani panzvimbo.Iyo sensor itsva inofanira kunge iri kure ne 0.5-1.5 mm kubva kumagumo e master disc (iyo chaiyo nhanho inoratidzwa mumirayiridzo), chinhambwe ichi chinogona kugadziriswa nemawashi kana neimwe nzira.Iine sarudzo chaiyo yeDPKV uye nekutsiviwa kwayo, injini ichabva yatanga kushanda, chete mune dzimwe nguva zvichave zvakafanira kuenzanisa sensor uye kugadzirisazve makodhi ekukanganisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-13-2023