Iyo pneumatic actuator ye brake system iri nyore uye inoshanda mukushanda, zvisinei, kureba kwenguva refu kwemitsara kunogona kukonzeresa kunonoka mukushanda kwemaitiro ekubhureki emashure emashure.Dambudziko iri rinogadziriswa nechikamu chakakosha - valve yekusimudzira, iyo chigadzirwa uye kushanda kwayo kunotsaurirwa kuchinyorwa ichi.
Chii chinonzi accelerator valve?
Iyo accelerator valve (MC) ndiyo inodzora chikamu cheiyo brake system ine pneumatic drive.Musangano wevharuvhu unogovera mhepo yakamanikidzwa inoyerera pakati pezvinhu zvepneumatic system zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekushandisa emabhureki.
Iyo Criminal Code ine mabasa maviri:
• Kuderedzwa kwenguva yekupindura yezvigadziriso zvemabhureki emashure emashure;
• Kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekupaka uye masisitimu ekuchengetedza mabhureki.
Aya mayuniti ane marori nemabhazi, kashoma iyi unit inoshandiswa pamatiraire uye semi-trailer.
Mhando dzeaccelerator valves
Iyo manejimendi kambani inogona kukamurwa kuita mhando zvichienderana nekushanda, nzira yekutarisira uye kumisikidzwa.
Zvinoenderana nekushanda kweCriminal Code, kune marudzi maviri:
- Kudzora macontours ekupaka (manual) uye mabhureki akasarudzika;
- Kudzora zvinhu zvepneumatic actuator yeiyo actuators yeiyo main brake system yeaseri yekumashure.
Kazhinji kacho, mavharuvhu ekumhanyisa anosanganisirwa munzvimbo yekupaka uye mabhureki masisitimu, iwo ma actuators ayo ari emagetsi accumulators (EA) akasanganiswa nemakamuri mabhureki.Iyo unit inodzora EA pneumatic circuit, ichipa kukurumidza kubuda kwemhepo panguva yebhureki uye kugovera kwayo nekukurumidza kubva kune yakaparadzana cylinder yemhepo kana yabviswa kubva kumabhureki.
Accelerator mavharuvhu anoshandiswa zvishoma kazhinji kudzora mabhureki makuru.Muchiitiko ichi, chikwata chinotakura kukurumidza kwemhepo yakamanikidzwa kubva kune imwe cylinder yemhepo yakaparadzana kuenda kumakamuri ekubhureka panguva yebhureki uye kubuda ropa panguva yebhureki.
Zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekutarisira, iyo Criminal Code yakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri makuru:
• Pneumatically controlled;
• Kudzorwa nemagetsi.
Electronically controlled accelerator
Pneumatically controlled mavharuvhu ndiwo ari nyore uye anonyanya kushandiswa.Izvo zvinodzorwa nekushandura kudzvanywa kwemhepo kunobva kune huru kana bhuku remabhureki mavharuvhu.Mavharuvhu anodzorwa nemagetsi ane solenoid mavharuvhu, kushanda kwayo kunodzorwa nemagetsi unit.Makambani akadaro ekutonga anoshandiswa mumotokari dzine akasiyana otomatiki ekuchengetedza masisitimu (EBS nevamwe).
Zvinoenderana nekugadziriswa, iyo Criminal Code yakakamurwawo kuita mapoka maviri:
• Pasina zvimwe zvikamu;
• Nekukwanisa kwekuisa muffler.
Mune kambani yekutarisira yerudzi rwechipiri, gomo rinopihwa kuisirwa muffler - chinhu chakakosha chinoderedza ruzha rwemhepo yekubuda ropa.Zvisinei, kushanda kwemarudzi maviri emavharuvhu kwakafanana.
Dhizaini uye musimboti wekushanda kweaccelerator mavharuvhu
Iyo yakanyanya kupfava dhizaini uye kushanda kweiyo manejimendi kambani yebasa brake system.Iyo yakavakirwa pane kesi yesimbi ine mapaipi matatu, mukati mayo mune piston uye inosanganisirwa exhaust uye bypass mavharuvhu.Ngatitarisei zvakanyanya dhizaini uye kushanda kwemhando iyi yekambani manejimendi tichishandisa muenzaniso wepasi rose modhi 16.3518010.
Iyo unit yakabatana seizvi: pini I - kumutsara wekutonga wepneumatic system (kubva kune main brake valve), pini II - kune anogamuchira, pini III - kune mutsara webhureki (kumakamuri).Iyo valve inoshanda zviri nyore.Munguva yekufamba kwemotokari, kudzvinyirira kwakaderera kunoonekwa mumutsara wekutonga, saka piston 1 inosimudzwa, vheji yekupedza 2 yakavhurika uye mutsara webhureki kuburikidza neiyo terminal III uye chiteshi 7 chakabatana nemhepo, mabhureki anodzivirirwa. .Pakubhureki, kudzvanywa mumutsara wekutonga uye mukamuri "A" kunowedzera, piston 1 inofamba ichidzika, vharafu 2 inosangana nechigaro 3 uye inosundira bypass valve 4, izvo zvinoita kuti ibve kubva pachigaro. 5. Somugumisiro, pini II yakabatana nekamuri "B" uye pini III - mhepo inobva kune inogamuchira inotungamirirwa kumakamuri akaputika, motokari inoputika.Pakurambidza, kudzvanywa mumutsara wekutonga kunodonha uye zviitiko zvinotsanangurwa pamusoro zvinoonekwa - mutsara webhureki wakabatana nechiteshi 7 kuburikidza nepini III uye mhepo kubva kumakamuri emabhureki inoburitswa mumhepo, mota inodzivirirwa.
Chishandiso cheKAMAZ accelerator valve
Iyo pombi yemaoko yemhando yemabhero inoshanda zviri nyore.Kudzvinyirirwa kwemuviri nemaoko kunotungamirira kukuwedzera kwekumanikidzwa - pasi pesimba rekumanikidza uku, vheji yekupedza inovhura (uye valve yekutora inoramba yakavharwa), mhepo kana mafuta mukati inosundirwa mumutsara.Ipapo muviri, nekuda kwehunyoro hwayo, unodzokera kuchimiro chayo chepakutanga (chinowedzera), kudzvanywa mukati mayo kunodonha uye kunova kuderera kupfuura mhepo, vharafu inovhara inovhara, uye vheji yekupinda inovhura.Mafuta anopinda mupombi kuburikidza nevhavha yakazaruka yekupinza, uye nguva inotevera apo muviri unomanikidzwa, kutenderera kunodzokorora.
Iyo manejimendi kambani, yakagadzirirwa "handbrake" uye spare brake, yakarongedzwa zvakafanana, asi haina kudzorwa neiyo main brake valve, asi ne manual brake valve ("handbrake").Ngatitarisei musimboti wekushanda kwechikamu ichi pamuenzaniso weiyo inoenderana unit yemotokari dzeKAMAZ.Iyo terminal I yakabatana neiyo EA mutsara wemabhureki ekumashure, iyo terminal II yakabatana nemhepo, iyo terminal III yakabatana neanogamuchira, iyo terminal IV yakabatana kune mutsara weruoko brake valve.Kunyange zvazvo motokari ichifamba, mhepo yepamusoro-soro inopiwa kumapini III uye IV (kubva kune mumwe anogamuchira, saka kumanikidzika kwakafanana pano), asi nzvimbo yepamusoro yepamusoro yepiston 3 yakakura kudarika yakaderera, saka. iri panzvimbo yepasi.Ivhavhavha yekupedza 1 yakavharwa, uye vheji yekupinda 4 yakavhurika, materminal I uye III anotaurirwa kuburikidza nekamuri "A", uye mhepo yekubuda mumhepo II yakavharwa - mweya wakatsikirirwa unopihwa kuEA, zvitubu zvavo zvinomanikidzwa uye. iyo system inorambidzwa.
Kana mota yaiswa pabhureki rekupaka kana kuti spare brake system ikavhurwa, kudzvanywa kuri pa IV terminal kunoderera (mhepo inobuda nevharuvhu reruoko), piston 3 inosimuka, vharafu yekuburitsa inovhura, uye kupinza. vharafu, pane zvinopesana, inovhara.Izvi zvinotungamirira kukubatana kwezviteshi I uye II uye kupatsanurwa kwezviteshi I uye III - mhepo kubva kuEE inopinza mumhepo, zvitubu zviri mukati mazvo hazvina kuchena uye zvinotungamirira kubhureki yemotokari.Kana yabviswa kubva pahandbrake, maitirwo acho anoenderera achidzokera kumashure.
Makambani emagetsi anodzorwa nemagetsi anogona kushanda nenzira imwechete sezvakatsanangurwa pamusoro, kana kudzorwa nechikamu chemagetsi zvinoenderana neyakaiswa pasi algorithms.Asi kazhinji, vanogadzirisa matambudziko akafanana nemavharuvhu anodzorwa nepneumatically.
Sezvauri kuona, iyo accelerator valve inoita mabasa eiyo relay - inodzora zvikamu zvepneumatic system iri kure neiyo main brake valve kana manual valve, kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwekumanikidza mumitsetse mirefu.Izvi ndizvo zvinovimbisa kukurumidza uye kwakavimbika kushanda kwemabhureki pamaaxle ekumashure emota.
Nyaya dzekusarudza uye kugadziriswa kwevhavha yekumhanyisa
Munguva yekushanda kwemotokari, kambani yekutarisira, sezvimwe zvikamu zvepneumatic system, inoiswa pasi pemitoro yakakosha, saka inofanira kuongororwa nguva nenguva kuti ione kukanganisa, kubuda kwemhepo, nezvimwewo.
Paunenge uchitsiva, zvinodikanwa kuisa zvikamu zveaya marudzi uye mamodheru anokurudzirwa neautomaker.Kana sarudzo yaitwa yekuisa analogues yevhavha yepakutanga, ipapo iyo itsva unit inofanirwa kuenderana neiyo yekutanga maitiro uye zviyero zvekuisa.Nehumwe hunhu, vharuvhu inogona kusashanda nemazvo uye kwete kuona kushanda kwakanaka kweiyo brake system.
Nekusarudzwa kwakakodzera kwevhavhavha yekusimudza uye kugadzirisa panguva yakakodzera, iyo brake system yemotokari kana bhazi ichashanda yakavimbika, ichipa kunyaradzwa kwakakodzera uye kuchengeteka.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-21-2023